海岛马尾松林芒萁和生境对植物多样性和乔木更新多样性的影响  

Effects of Dicranopteris pedata in the understory of Pinus massoniana and habitat on plant diversity and tree regeneration diversity in islands

作　　者：王迎雪 肖集泓 邓清雅 朱琦琦 王彬彬[1] 林曼妮 罗真 陈颖[1] 邓传远[1] WANG Yingxue;XIAO Jihong;DENG Qingya;ZHU Qiqi;WANG Binbin;LIN Manni;LUO Zhen;CHEN Ying;DENG Chuanyuan(College of Landscape Architectrue and the Arts,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学风景园林与艺术学院,福州350002

出　　处：《生态学报》2025年第6期2821-2837,共17页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：海洋公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201505009);福建省区域发展科技项目计划(2018Y3006);福建农林大学科技创新专项基金项目(CXZX2019086)。

摘　　要：马尾松林为福建海岛分布最广泛的常绿针叶林植被类型,其植物多样性及乔木更新对群落演替方向具有决定性作用,而芒萁(Dicranopteris pedata)作为马尾松林下常见植被,兼具正面生态效应与入侵植物特性,研究其对马尾松林的潜在影响,不仅有助于海岛植物群落保护策略的制定,也有助于更深入地理解具有入侵特性的本地植物与外来入侵植物的异同。对福建三都澳6个海岛芒萁与马尾松共存的群落进行样方调查,计算其草、灌、乔及乔木幼苗的α多样性与β多样性,并将β多样性分解为物种多度差异组分与物种周转组分,通过回归分析探究芒萁重要值与各层片α多样性的关系,并通过冗余分析(RDA)与基于相异矩阵的多元回归(Multiple regression on dissimilarity matrices,MRM)筛选对各层片α与β多样性显著影响的因子,最后通过路径分析推测芒萁与环境因子对植物多样性的直接与间接影响及其相对重要性。结果表明:(1)芒萁对草、灌层及乔木幼苗的α多样性均有影响,解释率分别在0.45—0.90、0.49—0.61、0.19—0.48之间,其中对乔木幼苗Pielou指数的影响不同于其它层片,呈正相关趋势。(2)对β多样性分解表明,所调查样方各层片均为物种周转组分占主导,占比70%以上。芒萁对草、灌层及乔木幼苗β多样性均有显著影响,MRM回归系数分别为0.089、0.034、0.051,对乔、灌、草层物种周转及乔木幼苗的物种多度差异也有影响。(3)RDA分析结果表明,土壤pH、距大陆距离与芒萁重要值共同影响α多样性,第一轴与第二轴的总解释量为33.03%。MRM分析结果表明,土壤因子、郁闭度、样方距离与芒萁重要值共同影响β多样性。(4)由相关性分析与路径分析推测,土壤pH通过创造对芒萁有利的环境而间接作用于群落α与β多样性,芒萁对多样性的直接影响通常大于土壤pH,但土壤pH是先决条件;地理距离对β多样性的直�The Pinus massoniana forest represents the most extensive type of evergreen needleleaf forest vegetation on the islands of Fujian Province.The diversity of plant species and the regeneration of trees in these forests played a decisive role in determining the path of community succession.Dicranopteris pedata,a prevalent understory species in Pinus massoniana forests,exhibits both beneficial ecological functions and characteristics of invasive plants.Exploring its potential impacts on Pinus massoniana forests not only aids in devising effective strategies for plant community conservation but also enhances our understanding of the parallels and differences between native species with invasive characteristics and non-native invaders.This study conducted quadrat surveys about the communities where Dicranopteris pedata and Pinus massoniana coexist on six islands within Sandu Gulf,Fujian Province.We calculated theαandβdiversities of herbs,shrubs,trees,and tree seedlings,and decomposed theβdiversity into the components of species abundance differences and species turnover.Through regression analysis,we investigated the relationship between the importance value of Dicranopteris pedata and theαdiversity of all layers.Furthermore,we used redundancy analysis(RDA)and multiple regression on dissimilarity matrices(MRM)to identify the factors that have significant effects on theαandβdiversities across all layers.Finally,path analysis was used to infer the direct and indirect effects of Dicranopteris pedata and environmental factors on plant diversity,as well as their relative significance.The results indicated that:(1)Dicranopteris pedata influenced theαdiversity of the grass,shrub layer,and tree seedlings,with explanation rates ranging from 0.45 to 0.90,0.49 to 0.61,and 0.19 to 0.48,respectively.Interestingly,its impact on the Pielou index of tree seedlings differed from that on other layers,showing a positive correlation trend.(2)The decomposition ofβdiversity revealed that the species turnover dominanted in all layers

关 键 词：三都澳 马尾松半自然林 Α多样性 Β多样性 层片 乔木幼苗 

分 类 号：Q94[生物学—植物学]