福建梁野山白鹇日活动节律及对人类干扰的响应  

Daily Activity Rhythm of Lophura nycthemera and Its Response to Human Disturbance in Liangyeshan,Fujian

作　　者：曾起瞄 ZENG Qimiao(Fujian Forestry Survey and Design Institute,Fuzhou 350001,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省林业勘察设计院,福建福州350001

出　　处：《福建林业科技》2025年第1期102-109,共8页Journal of Fujian Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：福建梁野山国家级自然保护区管理局([350824]LYCG[GK]2022012)

摘　　要：2022年9月—2023年10月,利用红外相机研究福建梁野山国家级自然保护区内白鹇(Lophura nycthemera)的日活动节律、对3种人为干扰类型(人类活动、放牧、家养动物)的响应及其季节变化。调查期间共布设180个网格,60901个相机日,获得白鹇独立有效照片13384张,人类干扰独立有效照片2990张。结果表明:白鹇在繁殖季和非繁殖季,保护区中均有大量的人类干扰现象,其中放牧干扰在全年均较高;白鹇在繁殖季和非繁殖季的活动高峰均集中在晨昏时段(6∶00—8∶00和17∶00—18∶00),明显避开白天的人类干扰高峰,即白鹇在繁殖季和非繁殖季活动均与总体人类干扰、放牧、家养动物有较高的时间重叠,但对人类活动有明显的回避作用,说明白鹇可以通过调整活动时间来避开人为活动的威胁,从而提高种群适合度。本研究结果可为理解动物的生存策略以及实现物种有效保护提供参考。From September 2022 to October 2023,infrared cameras were used to study the daily activity rhythm of the Silver Pheasant(Lophura nycthemera)in the Liangyeshan National Nature Reserve,Fujian,as well as its response to three types of human disturbances—human activities,grazing,and domestic animals—and their seasonal variations.During the survey period,a total of 180 grid points were set up,accumulating 60901 camera days and obtaining 13384 independent valid photos of Silver Pheasants and 2990 independent valid photos of human disturbances.The results showed that significant human disturbances occurred in the reserve during both the breeding and non-breeding seasons,with grazing disturbances being consistently high throughout the year.The activity peaks of Silver Pheasants in both the breeding and non-breeding seasons were concentrated in the early morning(6∶00—8∶00)and late afternoon(17∶00—18∶00),effectively avoiding the peak hours of human disturbances during the day.Moreover,the activity patterns of Silver Pheasants exhibited a high degree of temporal overlap with overall human disturbances,grazing,and domestic animals in both seasons,but they showed a clear avoidance of direct human activities.This suggests that Silver Pheasants can adjust their activity timing to evade human disturbances,thereby enhancing their population fitness.These findings provide valuable data for understanding the survival strategies of wildlife and contribute to the effective conservation of this species.

关 键 词：白鹇 红外相机 人类干扰 活动节律 季节性 

分 类 号：S718.6[农业科学—林学] Q958.12[生物学—动物学]