生成式幽灵智能:数字资本主义中“非物”的历史现象学透视  

Generative phantom intelligence:A historical-phenomenologicalperspective on the“Undinge”of digital capitalism

作　　者：牛俊伟 林晨 NIU Junwei;LIN Chen(School of Marxism,Minnan Normal University,Zhangzhou 363000,China)

机构地区：[1]闽南师范大学马克思主义学院,福建漳州363000

出　　处：《重庆邮电大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第2期126-134,共9页Journal of Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金西部项目:新时代美好生活的空间哲学研究(21XZX024)。

摘　　要：智能社会中的物,以一种非物(Undinge)的形态存在。数字资本以生成式人工智能为媒介,将人类生存世界数据化,带来的是意义世界的匮乏。这种去物化实质上是一种更深度的数字物化现实,并服务于资本主义意识形态的再生产。Sora的问世在技术层面上预示着生成式人工智能叙事方式的转变,也使数字技术的意识形态规训格局发生转向。作为一般智力对象化的产物,人工智能具有“幽灵般的对象性”。它不仅自身具备意识形态国家机器的质性,而且在运行过程中还体现着意识形态的物质性实践和主体询唤机制。从ChatGPT到Sora的升级将引发数字“拟像”和数字“景观”在现实的内爆,以数字第三持存的幽灵智能形式会加速社会编码化发展的进程,导致更加普遍的无产阶级化。因此,对人工智能进行技术哲思不应只停留在数字资本主义的现象表层,还要深入资本主义的生产过程,站在历史唯物主义的视位,透视人工智能从幽灵对象到幽灵智能的演进谱系,揭示物到非物的幽灵化进程的本质,击碎资本同技术合谋的幻象,对智能拜物教进行祛魅,从而揭示数字资本主义颠倒的生产关系。Objects in an intelligent society exist in the form of non-objects(Undinge).Digital capital,mediated by generative AI,transforms the data of the human world,bringing with it a scarcity of the world of meaning.This process of de-objectification is essentially a deeper form of digital reification,serving the reproduction of capitalist ideology.The advent of Sora marks a technical shift in the narrative style of generative artificial intelligence and signals a turning point in the ideological discipline of digital technology.AI,as a product of general intellectual objectification,has a“Phantom Objectivity”that not only embodies the qualities of an ideological state apparatus but also manifests the material practices and subject invocation mechanisms of ideology during its operation.The upgrade from ChatGPT to Sora will trigger the implosion of digital“mimesis”and digital“landscapes”in reality,accelerating the process of socially coded development in the form of the digital tertiary retentions“Phantom Intelligence”,which in turn leads to a more widespread proletarianization.Therefore,the technological philosophy of AI should not remain at the superficial level of digital capitalism but should delve into the production processes of capitalism.From the perspective of historical materialism,it should reveal the evolutionary lineage of artificial intelligence from phantom objects to phantom intelligence,expose the essence of the phantomization process from object to non-object,shatter the illusion of capital’s collusion with technology,demystify the fetishism of intelligence,and present the inverted production relations of digital capitalism.

关 键 词：生成式人工智能 意识形态机器 ChatGPT SORA DeepSeek 数字资本主义 

分 类 号：F0-0[经济管理—政治经济学]