Frequency-bin-encoded entanglement-based quantum key distribution in a reconfigurable frequency-multiplexed network  

作　　者：Anahita Khodadad Kashi Michael Kues 

机构地区：[1]Institute of Photonics,Leibniz University Hannover,30167 Hannover,Germany [2]Cluster of Excellence PhoenixD(Photonics,Optics,Engineering-Innovation Across Disciplines),Leibniz University Hannover,30167 Hannover,Germany

出　　处：《Light(Science & Applications)》2025年第2期441-456,共16页光(科学与应用)(英文版)

基　　金：Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL.

摘　　要：Large-scale quantum networks require dynamic and resource-efficient solutions to reduce system complexity with maintained security and performance to support growing number of users over large distances.Current encoding schemes including time-bin,polarization,and orbital angular momentum,suffer from the lack of reconfigurability and thus scalability issues.Here,we demonstrate the first-time implementation of frequency-bin-encoded entanglement-based quantum key distribution and a reconfigurable distribution of entanglement using frequency-bin encoding.Specifically,we demonstrate a novel scalable frequency-bin basis analyzer module that allows for a passive random basis selection as a crucial step in quantum protocols,and importantly equips each user with a single detector rather than four detectors.This minimizes massively the resource overhead,reduces the dark count contribution,vulnerability to detector side-channel attacks,and the detector imbalance,hence providing an enhanced security.Our approach offers an adaptive frequency-multiplexing capability to increase the number of channels without hardware overhead,enabling increased secret key rate and reconfigurable multi-user operations.In perspective,our approach enables dynamic resource-minimized quantum key distribution among multiple users across diverse network topologies,and facilitates scalability to large-scale quantum networks.

关 键 词：entanglement based reconfigurable distribution quantum networks orbital angular momentumsuffer quantum key distribution RECONFIGURABLE reduce system complexity frequency bin encoded 

分 类 号：O413[理学—理论物理]