新疆本地梨品种的遗传多样性及亲缘关系  

Genetic Diversity and Genetic Relationship of Local Pear Cultivars in Xinjiang

作　　者：毕清芮 崔东升 马新院 薛玉冉 章世奎[2] 樊国全[2] 牛莹莹 BI Qingrui;CUI Dongsheng;MA Xinyuan;XUE Yuran;ZHANG Shikui;FAN Guoquan;NIU Yingying(Horticultural College/Characteristic Fruit Tree Research Center,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Luntai Fruit Tree Resource Nursery,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Luntai,Xinjiang 841600,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学园艺学院/特色果树研究中心,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆农业科学院轮台果树资源圃,新疆轮台841600

出　　处：《园艺学报》2025年第3期561-574,共14页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区2020年“天池博士”计划项目;新疆维吾尔自治区高校基本科研业务费科研项目(XJEDU2022P045)。

摘　　要：利用表型、简单序列重复(SSR)及单核苷酸多态性(SNP)标记对28个新疆本地梨品种或类型(系)进行了亲缘关系及遗传多样性研究。43310个SSR位点和2045692个SNP位点标记被开发,并用于遗传多样性及亲缘关系分析。28个新疆本地梨品种的10个数量性状Shannon-Weaver多样性指数在4.145~5.663之间,每花序花朵数多样性指数最高。各性状变异系数在4.49%~67.36%之间,其中花瓣数的稳定性高于其他性状。SSR标记的引物开发多态性比率为96.15%。基于SSR标记聚类将供试梨品种划分为2组,基于SNP标记将梨品种分为4组。SSR标记的固定指数(F)平均值为0.169,SNP的群体分化指数(Fst)值在0.0538~0.3387之间,表明新疆本地梨品种存在中等的遗传分化。明确了‘库尔勒香梨’‘奎可阿木特1号’和‘耐西普特’应归类为新疆梨系统,‘可特阿木特’归属于西洋梨系统。In this study,phenotypic,SSR and SNP markers were used to study the genetic relationship and genetic diversity of 28 Xinjiang local pear cultivars.A total of 43310 SSR markers and 2045692 SNP markers were developed and used for genetic diversity and genetic relationship analysis.The Shannon-Weaver index of 10 quantitative traits of 28 Xinjiang local pear cultivars ranged from 4.145 to 5.663,and the diversity index of the number of flowers per inflorescence was the highest and the diversity was rich.The coefficient of variation of each trait was between 4.49%and 67.36%,and the stability of petal number was higher than that of other traits.The primer development polymorphism rate of SSR markers was 96.15%.The clustering results were divided into 2 groups based on SSR markers,and the pear cultivars were divided into 4 groups based on SNP markers.The average fixation index(F)of SSR markers was 0.169,and the Fst value of SNP was between 0.0538 and 0.3387,indicating that there was genetic differentiation in Xinjiang local pear cultivars.‘Korla Fragrant Pear’,‘Kuikeamute 1’and‘Naixiput’should be classified as Xinjiang pear system,and‘Koteamute’belongs to Western pear system.

关 键 词：梨 表型 SSR SNP 遗传多样性 亲缘关系 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学]