广东省东江水质量现状及污染分析  

Current Water Quality Status and Pollution Analysis of the Dongjiang River in Guangdong Province

作　　者：宋诗琦 Song Shiqi(PowerChina Eco-Environment Group Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen 518000,Guangdong)

机构地区：[1]中电建生态环境集团有限公司,广东深圳518000

出　　处：《陕西水利》2025年第4期72-75,共4页Shaanxi Water Resources

摘　　要：以东江为研究目标,沿水流方向采集12处典型水样,通过内梅罗指数法与归一化综合指数法,以查明水质量现状及其主要污染贡献因子,应用主成分分析法(PCA)以揭示影响水质的主要因素。结果表明:①内梅罗指数法与归一化综合指数法得分显示东江水污染超标率大于50%,总体水质较差,东江水质超标主要由于水中总氮(TN)、五日生化需氧量(BOD5)与总磷(TP)含量较高所致。②沿水流方向,东江水质呈现由优向差的演变规律,中上游污染贡献率低于中下游,超标水样呈点源式分布,水质总体污染趋势可控。③主成分分析揭示东江水质主要受到生活污水排放、养殖业排泄物混合活动与农业活动施撒肥料影响。Taking the Dongjiang River as the research object,12 typical water samples were collected along the water flow direction.The Nemero index method and the normalized comprehensive index method were used to identify the current water quality status and its main pollution contributing factors,and the principal component analysis(PCA)was applied to reveal the main factors affecting water quality.The results show that:①The scores of the Nemero index method and the normalized comprehensive index method indicate that the exceedance rate of water pollution in the Dongjiang River is greater than 50%,and the overall water quality is poor.The exceedance of water quality in the Dongjiang River is mainly due to the high contents of total nitrogen(TN),biochemical oxygen demand for five day(BOD5),and total phosphorus(TP)in the water.②Along the water flow direction,the water quality of the Dongjiang River shows a trend of change from good to poor.The pollution contribution rate in the middle and upper reaches is lower than that in the middle and lower reaches.The water samples with exceeded standards are distributed in a point-source manner,and the overall pollution trend of water quality is controllable.③The principal component analysis reveals that the water quality of the Dongjiang River is mainly affected by domestic sewage discharge,the mixing activities of excreta from the aquaculture industry,and the application of fertilizers in agricultural activities.

关 键 词：广东省 水质评价 东江 污染分析 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程]