连杆四螺栓安装过程优化及预紧力分散度研究  

Research on the dispersion of pre tension force of four bolt connecting rod under different loading schemes

作　　者：张腾[1] 董小瑞[1] 侯廷 张翼[1] ZHANG Teng;DONG Xiaorui;HOU Ting;ZHANG Yi(College of Energy and Power Engineering,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China;Shanxi Diesel Engine industry Co.,Ltd.,Datong 037036,China)

机构地区：[1]中北大学能源与动力工程学院,太原030051 [2]山西柴油机工业有限责任公司,山西大同037036

出　　处：《自动化与仪器仪表》2025年第3期7-10,14,共5页Automation & Instrumentation

摘　　要：在柴油机连杆大头盖四螺栓连接结构装配过程中,螺栓不能同步加载导致了各螺栓预紧力有差异,针对这一问题,建立了某型号柴油机四螺栓连接连杆结构的有限元分析模型,研究了不同加载方案对螺栓预紧力的影响,通过搭建的螺栓预紧力测试装置,对仿真结果进行了验证,并进一步探讨了影响螺栓预紧力分散度的主要因素。结果表明:仿真得到的螺栓载荷分布结果与试验一致,短边加载方案预紧力均值、分散度、标准差、预紧比偏差均优于对角加载和长边加载,短边加载且载荷呈梯形分布的方案即1-2-4-3顺序加载方案的分散度最小,为14.04%,其预紧力平均值与设计值偏差最小,为1.2%。In the assembly process of the four bolt connection structure of the diesel engine connecting rod cap,the bolts cannot be loaded synchronously,resulting in differences in the pre tightening force of each bolt.In response to this problem,a finite element analysis model of a certain model of diesel engine four bolt connection connecting rod structure was established to study the influence of different loading schemes on the pre tightening force of bolts.The simulation results were verified through the construction of a bolt pre tightening force testing device,and the main factors affecting the dispersion of bolt pre tightening force were further explored.The results showed that the simulated bolt load distribution was consistent with the experimental results.The short side loading scheme had better average pre tension force,dispersion,standard deviation,and pre tension ratio deviation than diagonal loading and long side loading.The short side loading scheme with a trapezoidal load distribution,namely the 1-2-4-3 sequential loading scheme,had the smallest dispersion of 14.04% and the smallest deviation between the average pre tension force and the design value of 1.2%.

关 键 词：连杆 四螺栓结构 安装过程 预紧力分散度 

分 类 号：TK131.3[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程]