基于物联网和云数据库的智能电表自动预测研究  

Predictive Research on Smart Meters Based on the Internet of Things and Cloud Databases

作　　者：王梦娟 江旭 林淑羽 覃刚 陈启业 周天鸿 WANG Mengjuan;JIANG Xu;LIN Shuyu;QIN Gang;CHEN Qiye;ZHOU Tianhong(Hainan Power Grid Co.,Ltd.,Hainan 570100,China)

机构地区：[1]海南电网有限责任公司,海南570100

出　　处：《自动化与仪器仪表》2025年第2期67-72,共6页Automation & Instrumentation

基　　金：海南电网有限责任公司计量中心计量生产管理平台改造项目(070000GW22100004)。

摘　　要：在当前电力领域,智能电表的运行状态评估技术逐渐成为研究的焦点,具备重要的实际意义和未来发展前景。致力于设计和实施一种基于物联网的新型智能电表,以满足广泛应用于智能电网基础设施中的智能电表所需的各种功能。首先,通过采用低成本电子元件和基于云的SQL Server数据库进行API(Application Programming Interface)数据存储,结合ml.net和奇异谱分析技术进行电量估计和消耗计算。其次,利用物联网技术实现用户与电网公司的互动,为智能电表注入了全新的功能。实验结果表明,设计的智能电表能够实现每5分钟刷新一次数据、数据传输速率高达38 400 bps,同时具备8个实用的软件功能。实验结果表明,在连接两个用电设备的情况下,月消耗值为78.4 kWh,电负荷通电率为62.06%,凸显了智能电表在检测停电方面的重要性。研究结果表明,所设计的智能电表能够实时监测用户的能源消耗,为智能电网通过物联网技术实现能源监测、数据传输和用户互动提供了积极的支持,从而推动了智能电网应用的进一步发展。In the current field of electricity,the technology for assessing the operational status of smart meters has gradually be-come a research focus,holding significant practical implications and promising future prospects.This paper aims to design and imple-ment a novel smart meter based on the Internet of Things(IoT)to meet the diverse functionalities required for widespread application in the infrastructure of smart grids.Firstly,by utilizing low-cost electronic components and a cloud-based SQL Server database for Application Programming Interface(API)data storage,in conjunction with ml.net and Singular Spectrum Analysis(SSA)technolo-gy for energy estimation and consumption calculation.Secondly,IoT technology is employed to facilitate user interaction with the pow-er grid company,introducing innovative functionalities to the smart meter.Experimental results demonstrate that the designed smart meter refreshes data every 5 minutes,achieves a data transfer rate of up to 38400 bps,and incorporates eight practical software fea-tures.The experiment also highlights the significance of the smart meter in detecting power outages,with a monthly consumption value of 78.4 kWh and an electricity supply rate of 62.06%when connected to two electrical devices.The research findings indicate that the designed smart meter can actively monitor users'energy consumption in real-time,providing valuable support for energy monito-ring,data transmission,and user interaction in smart grids through IoT technology,thereby advancing the application of smart grid technology.

关 键 词：智能电表 物联网 SQL Server数据库 奇异谱分析 

分 类 号：TP39[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]