“经济参与”还是“隔代照料”——社会养老保险对老年人劳动参与的影响  

“Economic Participation”or“Intergenerational Care”:Influence of Social Endowment Insurance on Labor Participation of the Older Adults

作　　者：余泽梁 郭沛[2] 胡浩钰 YU Zeliang;GUO Pei;HU Haoyu(School of Management,Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering,Guangzhou 510225,Guangdong Province,China;School of Economics and Management,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China;School of Economics and Management,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,Guangdong Province,China)

机构地区：[1]仲恺农业工程学院管理学院,广东广州510225 [2]中国农业大学经济管理学院,北京100083 [3]华南农业大学经济管理学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《老龄科学研究》2025年第1期52-67,共16页Scientific Research on Aging

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目“从军经历下的老年人福利研究:特征事实、作用机理与保障策略”(72304102)。

摘　　要：经济参与和隔代照料是老年人劳动参与最主要的两种形式。利用“广东省老年人福祉状况及养老服务体系调查”数据,实证分析了社会养老保险对老年人劳动参与的影响。研究发现,社会养老保险对老年人经济参与行为具有负向影响,而对老年人隔代照料行为具有正向影响,且他们之间的关系存在城乡、性别和年龄等方面的异质性。进一步分析发现:在社会养老保险对老年人经济参与的影响机制中,预期保障和闲暇活动具有中介效应,健康水平具有遮掩效应;在社会养老保险对老年人隔代照料的影响机制中,健康水平具有中介效应,闲暇活动具有遮掩效应。建议重塑老年人劳动的社会价值,优化社会养老保险和老年人退休机制,促进老年人社会参与。Economic participation and intergenerational care are the two main forms of labor participation of older adults.Using data from the Survey on the Well-Being of Older People and the Eldercare Service System in Guangdong Province,we empirically analyzed the impact of social endowment insurance on labor participation of older adults.It is found that social endowment insurance has a negative impact on the economic participation and a positive impact on the intergenerational care of older people,and that there is urban-rural,gender,and age heterogeneity.Further analysis shows that the expected security and leisure activities have intermediary effects,that health level has a masking effect in the impact of social endowment insurance on the economic participation of the elderly;and that health level has a mediating effect,leisure activities have a masking effect in terms of the impact of social endowment insurance on intergenerational care of the elderly.Accordingly,it is suggested to reshape the social value of older people's labor,optimize the social endowment insurance and retirement mechanism for them,and encourage their social participation.

关 键 词：社会养老保险 经济参与 隔代照料 

分 类 号：F840.67[经济管理—保险] C971[经济管理—劳动经济]