基于“大气下陷”理论探讨六字诀在慢性阻塞性肺疾病康复中的应用  

Exploring the Application of the Liuzijue in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Based on the Theory of"Subduction of the Daqi"

作　　者：罗龙飞 吕强 朱安宁 张涛 赵降娜 周雅 严隽陶[1] LUO Longfei;LV Qiang;ZHU An'ning;ZHANG Tao;ZHAO Jiangna;ZHOU Ya;YAN Juntao(Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shanghai 200437;Shuguang Hospital,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shanghai 200120)

机构地区：[1]上海中医药大学附属岳阳中西医结合医院,上海200437 [2]上海中医药大学附属曙光医院,上海200120

出　　处：《中医康复》2025年第5期13-18,共6页Traditional Chinese Medicine Rehabilitation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(82305425);国家中医药管理局高水平中医药重点学科建设项目(zyyzdxk-2023061);上海中医药大学国际合作项目(No.SMC2013)。

摘　　要：基于《黄帝内经》宗气学说及张锡纯“大气下陷”理论,深入探讨了传统功法六字诀在慢性阻塞性肺疾病(Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease,COPD)康复中的应用。COPD是一种以呼吸道症状和气流受限为特征的常见慢性气道疾病,主要表现为慢性咳嗽、咳痰和活动后气促,属中医学肺胀、喘证的范畴,其病机本质为肺脾肾气虚,宗气亏虚而导致的“大气下陷”。六字诀作为一种以呼吸训练为主的传统功法,能改善肺纳气功能,补充宗气,升补大气,畅达全身气机。六字诀在COPD患者康复应用中效果显著:能有效提升COPD患者的免疫力,调节T细胞亚群和炎症因子水平;改善患者肺功能,减少急性加重次数;可增加6 min步行距离,提升运动耐力;还能显著降低中医证候积分,改善咳嗽、气促、便溏等临床症状。故本文认为,把握“大气下陷”的病机本质是治疗COPD的关键,六字诀功法锻炼安全有效,为COPD的康复提供了新的思路和方法,值得临床应用与推广。This article based on the theory of vital qi from the Huangdi Neijing(Inner Canon of the Yellow Emperor)and Zhang Xichun's theory of"subduction of the Daqi",explores the application of the traditional exercise Liuzijue in the rehabilitation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).COPD is a common chronic airway disease,characterized by respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation,the main manifestations are chronic cough,expectoration,and shortness of breath after activity,categorized in Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)as lung distension and dyspnea syndrome.Its pathogenesis is characterized by the deficiency of lung,spleen,and kidney qi,leading to the depletion of vital qi and"subduction of the Daqi".The Liuzijue is a traditional work method based on breathing training,it can improve their lung function in receiving qi,replenish pectoral qi,enhance Daqi,and regulate the flow of qi throughout the body.The Liuzijue has significant effects in the rehabilitation of COPD patients:it can effectively enhance the immune system of COPD patients,regulate T cell subsets and inflammatory cytokine levels;improve patient lung function and reduce the frequency of acute exacerbations;can increase the 6-minute walking distance and enhance exercise endurance;can significantly reduce the score of TCM syndrome and improve clinical symptoms such as cough,shortness of breath,and loose stools.Therefore,this article concludes that understanding the pathogenesis of"subduction of the Daqi"is key to treating COPD.The practice of Liuzijue is safe and effective,providing a new approach and method for the rehabilitation of COPD,and is worthy of clinical application and promotion.

关 键 词：慢性阻塞性肺疾病 六字诀 大气下陷 宗气 肺功能 传统功法 理论探讨 中医康复 

分 类 号：R259[医药卫生—中西医结合] R247.9[医药卫生—中医内科学]