编造、故意传播虚假信息罪的法益识别及展开  

Identification and expansion of the legal interests of the crime of fabricating and intentionally spreading false information

作　　者：贾健[1] 倪文 Jia Jian;Ni Wen(Southwest University of Political Science and Law,Chongqing 401120,China)

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学,重庆401120

出　　处：《辽宁公安司法管理干部学院学报》2025年第1期74-85,共12页Journal of Liaoning Administrators College of Police and Justice

基　　金：2023年度重庆市教育委员会人文社会科学研究重点项目“重大突发事件中网络谣言的行刑治理研究”(项目编号:23SKGH001);2024年度西南政法大学科研创新项目(项目编号:FXY2024017)的阶段性研究结果。

摘　　要：妥当理解与适用编造、故意传播虚假信息罪的“严重扰乱社会秩序”,是实现“扰乱公共秩序”型网络谣言案例行刑界分的重要依据。当前司法机关并未充分理解该要件的本质,导致网络造谣行刑处罚的失衡,其根本症结在于本罪的保护法益尚不明确。立足于二元法益论,本罪的保护法益应为“社会公众现实生活的稳定安宁状态”,由此,本罪保护的“社会秩序”不包括“网络(空间)秩序”;且“严重扰乱社会秩序”的认定依据有二,一是社会公众预期的日常生活成本提高,二是公权力单位采取了一定规模的紧急应对措施。Properly understanding and applying the“seriously disrupting social order”of the crime of fabricating and intentionally spreading false information is an important basis for distinguishing between criminal and administrative penalties in cases of online rumors of“disrupting public order”.At present,the judicial organs have not fully understood the essence of this element,resulting in an imbalance in the criminal and administrative penalties for online rumor-mongering.The fundamental crux lies in the unclear legal interests protected by this crime.Based on the dual legal interest theory,the legal interests protected by this crime should be“the stable and peaceful state of the real life of the social public”.Therefore,the“social order”protected by this crime does not include the“network(space)order”;and there are two bases for the determination of“seriously disrupting social order”:one is the increase in the expected daily living costs of the social public,and the other is that the public power units have taken emergency response measures of a certain scale.

关 键 词：编造、故意传播虚假信息罪 法益 严重扰乱社会秩序 

分 类 号：D924.3[政治法律—刑法学]