以房抵债协议排除强制执行的司法认定  

Judicial identification of excluding compulsory execution by an agreement to settle debts with a house

作　　者：张悦[1] 权良骐 Zhang Yue;Quan Liangqi(Liaoning University,Shenyang Liaoning 110036,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁大学,辽宁沈阳110036

出　　处：《辽宁公安司法管理干部学院学报》2025年第1期86-96,共11页Journal of Liaoning Administrators College of Police and Justice

基　　金：2020年度辽宁省社会科学规划基金项目“民事执行抗诉监督程序的体系构建”(项目编号:L20BFX007)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：执行异议之诉中案外人能否基于以房抵债协议获得强制执行排除力,司法认定的应然与实然存在分歧。判断以房抵债协议是否足以排除强制执行,需重点审查合同目的,由此可将其类型化构建为三种:担保目的型、清偿目的型、购房目的型。其中,购房目的型以房抵债协议表明了当事人移转房屋所有权的意思表示,契合了《最高人民法院关于办理执行异议和复议案件若干法律问题的规定》中对无过错不动产买受人合法权益予以倾斜保护的意图。足以排除强制执行的以房抵债协议,形式上应合法有效,合同目的上应意图获得房屋所有权,内容上应符合该规定第28条的四个构成要件。In an execution objection lawsuit,there is a divergence between the theoretical and practical aspects of whether an outsider can obtain the exclusion force of compulsory execution based on an agreement to settle debts with a house.To determine whether an agreement to settle debts with a house is sufficient to exclude compulsory execution,it is necessary to focus on examining the purpose of the contract.Thus,it can be typologically constructed into three types:the type of guarantee purpose,the type of debt settlement purpose and the type of house purchase purpose.Among them,the agreement to settle debts with a house in the type of house purchase purpose indicates the parties’intention to transfer the ownership of the house,which is in line with the intention of the“Provisions of the Supreme People’s Court on Several Legal Issues Concerning the Handling of Execution Objection and Reconsideration Cases”to give preferential protection to the legitimate rights and interests of blameless real estate buyers.An agreement to settle debts with a house that is sufficient to exclude compulsory execution should be legally valid in form,aim to obtain the ownership of the house in terms of the contract purpose,and meet the four constitutive requirements of Article 28 of the above-mentioned provisions in terms of content.

关 键 词：以房抵债协议 排除强制执行 执行异议之诉 司法认定 

分 类 号：D923.3[政治法律—民商法学]