消费类数据平台化开发的商业模式与监管框架  

Platform-Based Utilization of Consumption-Related Data and Its Regulation

作　　者：杜创[1] 朱劲燃 DU Chuang;ZHU Jinran(Institute of Economics,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100836,China;School of Economics,University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 102488,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院经济研究所,北京100836 [2]中国社会科学院大学经济学院,北京102488

出　　处：《财经问题研究》2025年第4期26-40,共15页Research On Financial and Economic Issues

摘　　要：在数字时代,合理开发消费类数据对于实现经济高质量发展具有重要意义。基于数据的公共产品属性、间接性和规模效应等特征,本文提出平台化开发是消费类数据开发的核心商业模式,即由数字平台收集来自不同企业或商家的交易数据,并据此构建数据模型,以间接方式(出售基于数据分析的产品或服务)或直接方式(出售原始数据)供第三方用户使用。首先,本文系统总结已经相对成熟的线上消费类数据平台化开发模式。其次,本文分析了线下消费类数据开发面临的独特挑战(数据零散增加了收集难度,数据产权归属模糊,分析使用数据需要较高的成本等),以及通过平台化实现线下消费类数据价值的方法与商业模式。此外,文章还分析了这些策略对社会福利和市场竞争的潜在影响。最后,本文提出要通过市场机制和完善法律法规保障消费者权益及数据安全,并讨论了政府在促进数据共享和社会治理中的角色。This study first outlines the platform-based utilization of consumption-related data in online markets.Using the typical two-sided platform structure as an example,it categorizes data utilization into three types based on the final application form:indirect and direct use on the demand side,and direct use on the supply side.Through an analysis of three typical online models,this study identifies key challenges in offline consumption-related data utilization:fragmented transaction data collection during the aggregation phase;underdeveloped data transaction mechanisms and insufficient legal frameworks that limit the potential of data elements during circulation;and disparities in capabilities between data owners and users,leading to transactional gaps on the demand side.In response to these challenges,this study discusses the advantages of platform-based utilization and explores the welfare implications of the platform-based utilization of consumption data from a theoretical perspective.Finally,it proposes that the platform-based utilization of consumption-related data extends beyond commercial applications.When consumption-related data is properly applied within appropriate technological frameworks,it can significantly enhance the modernization of social governance capabilities,offering substantial social value.Compared to existing literature,this study integrates two core concepts,“consumption-related data”and“platform-based utilization”.First,while numerous studies focus on data element utilization,most studies examine data from a broad range of social activities,with limited focus on consumption-related data primarily generated through transactional processes.Second,existing studies typically separate data element utilization into distinct components,such as data ownership,utilization,and benefit distribution,while few studies adopt a platform perspective that connects stakeholders involved in data generation and utilization.The proposed platform-based model endogenizes stakeholders’decisions regardin

关 键 词：消费类数据 平台化开发 商业模式 数据产权 隐私保护 

分 类 号：F724.6[经济管理—产业经济]