桃仁止咳平喘药效及作用机制研究  

Investigation on Relieving Cough and Asthma Effect and Its Mechanism of Taoren(Persicae Semen)

作　　者：李玲玲[1,2] 王晓尧 王季俊 熊伟 李磊 崔瑛 LI Lingling;WANG Xiaoyao;WANG Jijun;XIONG Wei;LI Lei;CUI Ying(School of Pharmacy,Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450046,Henan,China;Henan Lingrui Pharmaceutical Company Limited,Xinxian 465550,Henan,China;Drug and Equipment Section,Yantai Special Service Convalescent Center of Armed Police,Yantai 264001,Shandong,China;Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases Co-constructed of by Henan province&Education Ministry of The Peoples Republic of China,Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450046,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]河南中医药大学药学院,河南郑州450046 [2]河南羚锐制药股份有限公司,河南新县465550 [3]武警烟台特勤疗养中心,山东烟台264001 [4]河南中医药大学呼吸疾病中医药防治省部共建协同创新中心,河南郑州450046

出　　处：《中华中医药学刊》2025年第4期46-51,I0010-I0012,共9页Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(82204639)。

摘　　要：目的观察桃仁对咳嗽变异性哮喘(CVA)模型大鼠的影响,探讨桃仁止咳平喘药效及其作用机制。方法烟熏结合卵清蛋白(OVA)-氢氧化铝致敏并雾化OVA致敏液法建立CVA大鼠模型,通过观察大鼠一般状态,测定其咳嗽潜伏期、咳嗽次数、肺功能,HE染色法观察大鼠肺组织的病理变化,评价桃仁止咳平喘药效。Masson染色法测量大鼠肺组织胶原沉积情况,HE染色法测量支气管的气道形态学参数,酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法对大鼠肺泡灌洗液(BALF)进行干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)、白细胞介素-4(IL-4)、白细胞介素-5(IL-5)、白细胞介素-13(IL-13)、神经生长因子(NGF)的测量,免疫组化法测定α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)表达,探讨桃仁止咳平喘的作用机制。结果连续给药2周后,与CVA模型组相比,桃仁各剂量组均可不同程度地改善大鼠的一般形态;显著增加大鼠的体质量(P<0.05);显著延长大鼠咳嗽潜伏期(P<0.01)、显著减少大鼠咳嗽次数(P<0.01);各给药组均可不同程度改善大鼠肺功能;肺组织炎症细胞浸润面积不同程度地缩小,肺泡腔变宽;气管上皮细胞脱落情况、炎症细胞浸润及血管充血情况得到一定的改善;且各给药组可显著升高IFN-γ/IL-4水平(P<0.05,P<0.01),不同程度降低IL-5、IL-13浓度,减少气管周围胶原面积,降低Wat/Pbm、Wam/Pbm,下调α-SMA表达。结论桃仁可改善CVA模型大鼠的咳喘症状,具有止咳平喘作用,其机制可能与如下因素有关:(1)纠正Th1/Th2失衡状态,减轻Eos浸润从而减轻气道炎症;(2)降低IL-13浓度,减少Wat/Pbm、Wam/Pbm从而抑制AHR;(3)下调α-SMA表达,抑制气道平滑肌增厚及胶原沉积从而减缓气道重塑。Objective By observing the effect of Taoren(Persicae Semen)on cough variant asthma(CVA)model rats,it discussed the effect and mechanism of Taoren(Persicae Semen)in relieving cough and asthma.Methods Smoke combined with ovalbumin(OVA)-aluminium hydroxide sensitisation and nebulisation of OVA sensitising solution method was used to establish a CVA rat model to evaluate the efficacy of Taoren(Persicae Semen)in relieving cough and calming asthma by observing the general morphology of the rats,determining the incubation period of cough,the number of coughs and lung function and observing the pathological changes in the lung tissues of the rats with the HE staining method.Masson staining was used to measure collagen deposition in rat lung tissues.HE staining was used to measure airway morphological parameters of bronchial tubes.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)method was used to measure the levels of interferon-γ(IFN-γ),interleukin-4(IL-4),interleukin-5(IL-5),interleukin-13(IL-13),nerve growth factor(NGF)in rat bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF),and immunohistochemistry method forα-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA)expression,to explore the mechanism of action of Taoren(Persicae Semen)in relieving cough and asthma.Results After 2 weeks of continuous administration,compared with those of the CVA model group,the general morphology of rats in each dose group of Taoren(Persicae Semen)could be improved to different degrees.The body weight of rats was significantly increased(P<0.05).The incubation period of cough was significantly prolonged(P<0.01)and the number of cough was significantly decreased(P<0.01).The lung function of rats could be improved in different degrees in each administration group.The infiltrated area of inflammatory cells in lung tissue was reduced to different degrees,and the alveolar cavity became wider.The exfoliation of trachea epithelial cells,inflammatory cell infiltration and vascular congestion were improved to a certain extent.In addition,IFN-γ/IL-4 levels were significantly increased in each

关 键 词：桃仁 咳嗽变异性哮喘 止咳平喘 作用机制 

分 类 号：R285.5[医药卫生—中药学]