文明互动与迦太基宗教的复合型特征  

Civilization Interaction and the Complex Character of Carthaginian Religion

作　　者：何立波[1] He Libo

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学文理学院

出　　处：《全球史评论》2024年第2期57-72,311,共17页Global History Review

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“古典时代环地中海地区文明的互鉴与交流研究”(项目编号:24&ZD301)、国家社科基金后期资助项目“古罗马骑士等级研究”(项目编号:22FSSB012);广东哲学社会科学规划项目“古罗马人王权意识变迁和晚期罗马多米那特制形成研究”(项目编号:GD21CWL01)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：迦太基宗教源于腓尼基宗教,兼具晚期青铜时代和早期铁器时代的迦南因素,更是独特的海洋性宗教,以适应维护海上商业帝国的需要。随着迦太基人与地中海西部世界族群交流的加强,迦太基人吸收了希腊、罗马、埃及和利比亚的宗教元素,形成了具有多种文明特征的复合型宗教,其中以融合神赫拉克勒斯·麦勒卡特崇拜、巴尔·萨图恩崇拜为代表,反映了迦太基宗教与希腊宗教、罗马宗教的联系。迦太基宗教与埃及宗教、利比亚宗教之间亦有密切的联系,最终在文明互动中形成别具一格的复合型特征。The Carthaginian religion originated from the Phoenician religion,with both Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age Canaanite elements,and was even more uniquely maritime in nature to maintain the maritime commercial empire.With the strengthening of the interaction between the Carthaginiansand the peo-ples of the Western Mediterranean,the Carthaginian religion absorbed the reli-gious elements of Greece,Rome,Egypt and Libya,which formed a complex reli-gion with the features of multi-civilization of the east and the west,represented by the worship of Hercules Melqartand Baal Saturn.It reflected the fusion of the Carthaginian,the Greek and the Roman religion.There were also close links be-tween the Carthaginian religion and the Egyptian and Libyan religions.Therefore,the Carthaginian religion became an example of the symbiosis of ancient world civi-lizations.

关 键 词：迦太基 希腊 罗马 巴尔·哈蒙 赫拉克勒斯·麦勒卡特 

分 类 号：K12[历史地理—历史学] B929[历史地理—世界史]