被邀请的还是自我设计与构建的帝国?——评二战后美国在西方霸权的确立  

An Empire had been Invited or Self-designed and Constructed?-A Review of the U.S.Hegemony in the West afterWWII

作　　者：刘磊 Liu Lei

机构地区：[1]云南大学国际关系研究院

出　　处：《全球史评论》2024年第1期257-265,345-346,共11页Global History Review

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“海外藏二战中缅印战区档案整理与研究”(21&ZD340);云南省哲学社会科学专家工作站(项目编号:2022GZZH01)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：早在20世纪80年代开始,很多西方学者陆续撰文指出,二战后西欧、东亚等资本主义国家以防备苏联扩张为由,主动与美国结成同盟的案例证明,美国是以被邀请的身份构建了西方同盟体系并确立了霸权地位。然而深度回顾分析美国在二战期间关于战后国际秩序的规划、战后欧洲“马歇尔计划”的实施、北约的建立以及东亚地区美日、美韩同盟的形成等过程,足以发现,冷战时期的西方秩序是美国基于其立国以来向全球扩张美式“自由民主”价值观的历史传统,借助二战后美国势力的全球扩张而建立的所谓“自由帝国”秩序。最近十余年来,美国在印太地区重组遏制中国的新同盟体系,实质上是美国在21世纪主动向印太地区扩张其价值观与生活方式,维持其所谓“自由帝国”秩序的延续。Early since1980s,many western scholars have pointed out that the United States was invited to create the western alliance system and its hege-monic position,which was proved by the fact that many west European and east Asian countries took the initiative to ally with the United States to prevent the Sovi-et expansion.However,the in-depth analysis of the U.S.plan of the post-war international order duringWWII,the implementation of the Marshall Plan,the establishment of NATO,and the formation of US-Japan and US-South Korea alli-ances in East Asia,demonstrated that the Western Order during the Cold War was created by the United States based on its historical tradition of expanding American values of“freedom and democracy”globally since late 18th century,and through the spreading of the U.S.power after WWII.The so-called“Empire of Liber-ty”was ultimately achieved.In the past decade or so,the United States has re-structured its new alliance system of value to contain China in the Indo-Pacific re-gion,which essentially means that the United States has actively expanded its val-ues and lifestyle towards the Indo-Pacific region in the 21st century to maintain its order of the“Empire of Liberty”.

关 键 词：美国 被邀请的帝国 西方霸权 自由帝国 

分 类 号：D871.2[政治法律—政治学] K712.54[政治法律—外交学]