二战时期日本皇国史观对“西洋”的建构  

The Construction of“the West”by Japanese Emperor-centered Historiogra-phy during World War II

作　　者：韩仑 Han Lun

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学历史学院

出　　处：《全球史评论》2024年第1期221-238,344-345,共20页Global History Review

摘　　要：“皇国史观”是日本独有的一种历史观念,其目的在于从历史中论证日本“国体”的独特性和优越性,塑造日本独特的自我认同,而这一目的往往通过建构对立的“他者”作为方法来实现。第二次世界大战前期,日本军部否定大正时代流行的各类西方思潮,开始通过皇国史观系统地建构与日本对立的“西洋”形象,宣扬西方的“个人主义”与日本的“和”之间思想上的冲突,以维护日本的独特“国体”。二战全面爆发后,又进一步建构西方受“物欲”驱使进行殖民扩张的历史,由此宣扬“大东亚战争”是为了创建“道义世界”,为日本的殖民掠夺制造合理化借口。战时日本通过皇国史观建构“西洋”与日本完全对立的形象,力图使其拥有对自身体制和侵略行为的“完全解释权”。“The Emperor-centered historiography”is a unique historiogra-phy of Japan.Its purpose is to demonstrate the uniqueness and superiority of the Japanese“national body”from history,and to shape the unique self-identity of Japan.This purpose is often achieved by constructing the opposing“others”as a method.In the early period of World War II,the Japanese military denied all kinds of Western ideological trends popular in the Taisho era,and began to sys-tematically construct“the West”image that was opposed to Japan through the Em-peror-centered historiography,propagating the ideological conflict between West-em“individualism”and Japanese“harmony”in order to maintain Japan's unique“national body".After the full outbreak of World War II,it further constructed the history of Western colonial expansion driven by“material desire”,thus advo-cating the“greater East Asia War”to create a“moral world”and create a ration-alized excuse for Japan's colonial plunder.During the war,Japan constructed the image of“the West”and Japan completely opposite through the Emperor-centered Historiography,and tried to make it have the“complete power of interpretation”of its own state system and aggression.

关 键 词：二战 日本 皇国史观 西洋 

分 类 号：K093.13[历史地理—历史学] K313.46