中国古代早期诗乐之别——从“长言”“嗟叹(歎)”“永歌”之辨说起  

The Difference Between Poetry and Music in the Early Ancient China——Starting from the Discussion on“Chang Yan”,“Jie Tan”and“Yong Ge”

作　　者：张金梅 龚子雯 Zhang Jinmei;Gong Ziwen

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学新闻与文化传播学院

出　　处：《古代文学理论研究》2024年第2期280-301,共22页Studies of Ancient Chinese Literary Theory

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国文论关键词研究的历史流变及其理论范式构建”(22&ZD258);国家社会科学基金一般项目“南北朝经学与中国文论”(项目批准号:21BZW049)阶段性成果

摘　　要：作为中国古代两部重要的诗乐理论篇章,《诗大序》和《礼记·乐记》在文本内容中有部分重合之处,典型的是关于“不足”的讨论,《礼记·乐记》先“长言”后“嗟叹(歎)”,而《诗大序》先“嗟叹(歎)”后“永歌”。因“嗟叹(歎)”固有的双重内涵,诗与乐也在两个层面上出现分别:其一,乐以“和”为主要任务,而诗则更重视“风”,即风化与风刺;其二,在创作之际,乐需要返回发端之情,再三叩问,而诗的表达始终无法脱离先验的道德规范。中国古代早期诗乐之别,技艺与功能兼而有之;而“长言”“永歌”一事,则成为早期诗乐一体的重要表征。As two important poetry and music theories in ancient China,The Preface to Poetryand The Book of Rites,had some overlaps in their content.The typical discussion was about“Buzu”.The Book of Rites,recorded first“Chang Yan”and then“Jie Tan”,while The Preface to Poetryfirst“Jie Tan”and then“Yong Ge”.According to the dual meaning of“Jie Tan”,poetry and music also showed differences at two levels.Firstly,the main task was to make music“harmony”,while poetry placed more emphasis on“wind”,that was,edification and satiric.Secondly,at the time of creation,music needed to return to the original emotions and repeatedly inquire,but the expression of poetry couldn,t be separated from the moral norms of a priori.The difference between poetry and music in the early ancient China involved both skill and function.And the concept of“Chang Yan”and“Yong Ge”as one entity became an important characteristic of the early integration of poetry and music.

关 键 词：长言 嗟叹(歎) 永歌 诗 乐 

分 类 号：I207.22[文学—中国文学]