法律家长主义视角下的算法治理  

Algorithm Governance from the Perspective of Legal Paternalism

作　　者：郭小伟 Guo Xiaowei

机构地区：[1]吉林大学理论法学研究中心

出　　处：《盛京法律评论》2023年第2期86-108,共23页Shengjing Law Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大专项项目“核心价值观融入法治建设研究:以公正司法为中心的考察”(17VHJ007);吉林省法学会法学研究项目“算法运作的权利风险及其法律规制研究”;吉林大学法学与政治学交叉研究项目“法律家长主义视角下的算法治理”;吉林大学法学院“金种子”优秀人才支持计划的阶段性成果

摘　　要：计算法治的第一要务是算法治理。现有的算法治理研究没有将算法治理纳入中国特色社会主义法治体系或者“计算法治”的体系当中进行思考。权利理论能为算法风险的分析提供独特的视角,算法决策对自决权的侵损、算法黑箱对知情权的侵害、算法歧视对平等权的减损、算法推荐对隐私权的损害揭示了算法治理的紧迫性和必要性。而法律家长主义理论不仅能为我国独有的算法治理现象提供解释论依据,更能在实践中促进中国的算法治理和法治建设。法律家长主义应用于算法治理的正当性理据大致包括行为能力缺失、人的主体性和尊严、当事人同意等方面。法律家长主义的理论形态和基本类型彼此交错,在应用于算法治理时需审慎地选择合适的具体类别。法律家长主义与我国的算法治理具有内在的契合性,但同时应当把握好算法治理过程中的限度,避免法律家长主义异化为超法律家长主义。The first priority of computational rule of law is algorithm governance.The existing research on algorithm governance does not consider algorithm governance in the system of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics or“computational rule of law”system.The legal paternalism theory can not only provide interpretive basis for the unique phenomenon of algorithm governance in China,but also practically advance the algorithm governance and rule of law in China.The justification of the application of legal paternalism in algorithm governance roughly includes lack of capacity for action,human subjectivity and dignity,consent of parties,etc.The theoretical forms and basic types of legal paternalism are intertwined,so it is necessary to choose the appropriate specific types carefully when it is applied to algorithm governance.Legal paternalism is intrinsically compatible with algorithm governance in China,but at the same time,we should control the degree in the process of algorithm governance to avoid legal paternalism being alienated into superlegal paternalism.

关 键 词：法律家长主义 算法治理 治理算法 算法风险 

分 类 号：D922.16[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]