从权势与等同看零称呼的使用原则  

Exploring the Speakers'Power and Solidarity Relations in Using Non-vocative Terms

作　　者：鲁昱玮 

机构地区：[1]广岛大学,日本广岛县广岛市730-0011

出　　处：《汉日语言对比研究论丛》2023年第1期250-260,共11页

摘　　要：零称呼是指说话人在与听话人进行言语交际时,不使用称呼语而直接进入话题。在现今社会,由于受各种因素的影响,零称呼的使用愈加频繁。但是由于使用零称呼易使听话人感觉到不被尊重从而造成误会与矛盾,因此说话人需考虑与听话人之间的关系,判断能否使用零称呼以及如何使用零称呼。本文中,笔者导入了Roger Brown和Albert Gilman提出的“权势”(power)和“等同”(solidarity)概念,在论证了该概念适用于零称呼的分析后,通过对文献考察和影视作品的分析,从辩证的角度论述了说话人需要同时考虑与听话人间的权势关系和亲疏关系2点的相对性,结合身处的环境因素后选择使用零称呼。本文通过论证明确了权势关系和亲疏关系为零称呼的使用原则。Non-vocative terms refer to the speaker entering the topic directly without using any form of address when engaging in verbal communication with the listener.The use of non-vocative terms is increasing in modern society,although they may sometimes offend the listeners.Misunderstandings and issues can arise between the speaker and listener due to the use of non-vocative terms.Therefore,before using such terms,the speaker should consider their relationship with the listener.In this paper,we introduce the concept of power and solidarity to analyze the appropriate use of non-vocative terms.We first examine the applicability of this concept,followed by a review of relevant literature and textual examples from movies and television.Our analysis reveals that the speaker takes into account two types of relationships,namely power and intimacy,between themselves and the listener,as well as the surrounding environment.Ultimately,we clarify the principles guiding the use of non-vocative terms.

关 键 词：零称呼 使用原则 权势与等同 权势关系 亲疏关系 

分 类 号：H313[语言文字—英语] H136