国木田独步的华兹华斯接受的路向考述  

Inspection and Research about Kunikida Doppo regarding His Contemplation of the Way Accepted by Wordsworth in His Works

作　　者：曲莉 

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学日语学院

出　　处：《日本学研究》2023年第1期215-230,共16页

摘　　要：本文综合考察国木田独步《何谓田舍文学》的论证脉络与该文中引用的华兹华斯诗句及相关评论的出处,认为在介入文学论争的批评实践中,独步进一步整合了从华氏诗集和阿诺德、奈特、德富苏峰等人的文学评论中获得的阅读经验,将其内化为对以华兹华斯为代表的、深蓄“人应该如何活”之“理想”的田舍文学范式的深刻认识,并明确将“教师”视为诗人、文学家的精神属性,认为文学家的全部意义就体现在解释“人应该如何活”之问。这样的接受路向及由此获得的审视和评价文学价值的判断框架,是理解独步后来批评宫崎湖处子对华氏文学理解暗昧,以及独步一生坚持以“教师”自认的归属意识的关节所在。此外,本文还探讨了独步对“田舍文学”和“人的教师”的关注与阐发中包孕的对应和处理多重时代课题的意义。Combining an examination of the vein of argumentation in Kunikida Doppo’s works,What is Farmhouse Literature,with the source of Wordsworth’s verses and the related commentary cited in the text,this paper discussed that Doppo,in his critical practice of intervening in literary debates,further integrated his reading experience gained from the poem collection of Wordsworth and the literary criticism of Arnold,Knight,and Tokutomi Soho,internalized it into a profound understanding of the farmhouse literature paradigm represented by Wordsworth,which is deeply embedded in the“ideal”of“how to live”and explicitly considered the“teacher”as the spiritual attribute of the poets and man of letters,and argued that all the significance of a man of letters was embodied in the explanation of the question of“how to live”.Such way of acceptance taken by Wordsworth and the judgmental framework for examining and evaluating literary values thus acquired are the key to understand why Doppo later criticized Miyazaki Koshoshi for his poor understanding of Wordsworth’s literature and Doppo’s lifelong adherence to the sense of belonging to the“teacher”identity.In addition,this paper also explored the significance of Doppo’s attention to and explanation of“farmhouse literature”and“human teachers”in responding to and dealing with the multiple issues of the times.

关 键 词：德富苏峰 马修·阿诺德 威廉·奈特 宫崎湖处子 “教师” 

分 类 号：I313.06[文学—其他各国文学]