人文宗教与弥勒信仰中国化的形成:以“正月初一”弥勒诞辰日为中心的讨论  

The Formation of Humanistic Religion and the Sinicization of Maitreya Faith:A Discussion Centered on the“First Day of the First Lunar Month”Maitreya's Birthday

作　　者：刘锦程 Liu Jincheng(School of Philosophy and Religion,Minzu University of China)

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学哲学与宗教学学院

出　　处：《普陀学刊》2024年第1期170-189,326-327,共22页

摘　　要：“正月初一”是中国的农历新年,也是布袋和尚的诞辰,后世逐渐演化为弥勒圣诞。在印度佛教传统中,弥勒没有所谓的诞日;在佛教传入中国的过程中,弥勒的诞日从“四月初八”逐渐过渡到“正月初一”。这个文化习俗的形成是印度佛教与中国文化碰撞的产物:弥勒与农历新年具有共通的文化属性,它们都具有重此世、轻彼岸、积极乐观的人文内涵。对弥勒圣诞的历史演变和文化意义的梳理,有利于理解弥勒中国化进程,也为理解中国人文宗教的特征提供有益帮助。“The first day of the first lunar month”marks the Chinese Lunar New Year and also the birthday of Budai Monk,which gradually evolved into Maitreya’s birthday celebration.In the Indian Buddhist tradition,Maitreya does not have a specific birthday.However,as Buddhism was introduced to China,Maitreya’s birthday transitioned from“the eighth day of the fourth lunar month”to“the first day of the first lunar month”.The formation of this cultural tradition is a result of the collision between Indian Buddhismand Chinese culture.Both Maitreya and the Lunar New Year share common cultural attributes,emphasizing a focus on this world,optimism,and a humanistic worldview.Examining the historical evolution and cultural significance of Maitreya’s birthday contributes to understanding the process of Maitreya’s Sinicization and provides valuable insights into the characteristics of Chinese humanistic religion.

关 键 词：弥勒信仰 布袋和尚 诞辰日 人文宗教 

分 类 号：B948[哲学宗教—宗教学]