4种苏云金杆菌制剂对家蚕的毒性比较  

Comparison of Toxicity of Four Bacillus thuringiensis Preparations on Silkworms

作　　者：章恩婷 濮利罡 陈伟国 戴建忠 戎凤鸣 杨一平 孙海燕 ZHANG Enting;PU Ligang;CHEN Weiguo;DAI Jianzhong;RONG Fengming;YANG Yiping;SUN Haiyan(Technical Service Station for Economic Crops of Haining City,Jiaxing 314400 Zhejiang,China;Zhejiang Yayun Ecological Agriculture Co.,Ltd,Jiaxing 314407 Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]海宁市经济作物技术服务站,浙江嘉兴314400 [2]浙江雅云生态农业有限公司,浙江嘉兴314407

出　　处：《蚕桑通报》2024年第4期27-31,共5页Bulletin of Sericulture

基　　金：浙江省农业重大技术协同推广计划项目(2024ZDXT09);浙江省蚕桑产业团队技术项目(浙农科发[2024]9号)

摘　　要：采用浸叶法测定了4种苏云金杆菌制剂对家蚕的急性食下毒性,参照田间推荐浓度评价其对养蚕生产的风险性等级,并测定了在桑叶上的残毒期。结果表明,4种苏云金杆菌制剂都对家蚕具有极高风险性,32000 IU/mg苏云金杆菌可湿性粉剂对家蚕的LC_(50)为0.8685 IU/mg(制剂稀释36845倍浓度),4000 IU/mg苏云金杆菌悬浮剂的LC_(50)为1.0129 IU/mg(制剂稀释3949倍浓度),16000 IU/mg苏云金杆菌可湿性粉剂对家蚕的LC_(50)为3.2821 IU/mg(制剂稀释4875倍浓度),8000 IU/mg苏云金杆菌悬浮剂的LC_(50)为3.8303 IU/mg(制剂稀释2089倍浓度)。在桑叶上的残毒期,8000 IU/mg苏云金杆菌悬浮剂150倍30 d,16000 IU/mg苏云金杆菌可湿性粉剂300倍35 d,4000 IU/mg苏云金杆菌悬浮剂150倍40 d,32000 IU/mg苏云金杆菌可湿性粉剂400倍45 d。4种苏云金杆菌制剂对家蚕的中毒症状相似:中毒蚕拒食、侧倒、头向腹勾,胸部膨大、假死状、手触体软,最后胸腹部变黑,死亡蚕侧倒、软瘪、黑色。The acute oral toxicity of four Bacillus thuringiensis preparations on silkworms was determined using the leaf soaking method.The risk level for sericulture production was evaluated based on the recommended field concentration,and the persistence period of toxicity on mulberry leaves was determined.The results showed that all four preparations of Bacillus thuringiensis had a high risk to silkworms:the LC_(50)of 32000 IU/mg Bacillus thuringiensis wettable powder for silkworms was 0.8685 IU/mg(i.e.,the preparation was diluted 36845 times);the LC_(50)of 4000 IU/mg Bacillus thuringiensis suspension was 1.0129 IU/mg(i.e.,the preparation was diluted 3949 times);the LC_(50)of 16000 IU/mg Bacillus thuringiensis wettable powder for silkworms was 3.2821 IU/mg(i.e.the preparation was diluted 4875 times);and the LC_(50)of 8000 IU/mg Bacillus thuringiensis suspension was 3.8303 IU/mg(i.e.the preparation was diluted 2089 times).The persistence periods of toxicity on mulberry leaves were as follows:30 days for an 8000 IU/mg Bacillus thuringiensis suspension at 150 times dilution,35 days for a 16000 IU/mg Bacillus thuringiensis wettable powder at 300 times dilution,40 days for a 4000 IU/mg Bacillus thuringiensis suspension at 150 times dilution,and 45 days for a 32000 IU/mg Bacillus thuringiensis wettable powder at 400 times dilution.The poisoning symptoms of four Bacillus thuringiensis preparations on Bombyx mori were similar:the poisoned silkworms refused to eat,fell on their sides with their heads curved towards their abdomens,exhibited swollen chests,entered a state of apparent death,felt soft when touched,and eventually developed black discoloration in their thorax and abdomen.The dead silkworms lay on their sides,were soft and flattened,and appeared black.

关 键 词：苏云金杆菌 家蚕 急性毒性 风险性 残毒期 

分 类 号：S884[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]