福建省污水中诺如病毒检出和载量分析  

Detection and viral load analysis of Norovirus in sewage in Fujian Province

作　　者：严诗琦 张梦萍 陈致飞[2] 吴冰珊[2] 张海荣 李东[2] 张苏晗 杨秀惠[1,2] YAN Shiqi;ZHANG Mengping;CHEN Zhifei;WU Bingshan;ZHANG Hairong;LI Dong;ZHANG Suhan;YANG Xiuhui(School of Pubic Health,Fujian Medical University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350122,China;Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Preverntion(Fujian Priority Laboratory for Zoonoses),Fuzhou,Fujian 350012,China)

机构地区：[1]福建医科大学公共卫生学院,福建福州350122 [2]福建省疾病预防控制中心(福建省人兽共患病重点实验室),福建福州350012

出　　处：《海峡预防医学杂志》2024年第6期1-3,8,共4页Strait Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：福建省社会发展引导性(重点)项目(2017Y011)

摘　　要：目的了解福建省环境污水中诺如病毒(Norovirus,NoV)的检出情况及病毒载量分布特征,为污水用于诺如病毒监测提供依据。方法2022年7月至2023年12月,在福建省设置的监测点采集污水标本,用荧光定量PCR法检测污水浓缩液中的GⅠ和GⅡ组NoV,并测定其病毒载量,用描述流行病学法统计分析。结果采集的86份污水标本中,GⅠ和GⅡ组NoV检出率分别为60.5%和96.5%,平均病毒载量分别为24.2 cp/μL和108.2 cp/μL,GⅡ检出率和病毒载量均高于GⅠ组(χ^(2)=33.09,P=0.000;t=6.40,P=0.000)。5个采样点中GⅠ检出率FZ-X点最高(88.2%),而GⅡ检出率(88.2%~100.0%)差异无统计学意义。5个采样点中GⅠ和GⅡ病毒载量均以FZ-X点最高;时间分布均为冬春季高峰,GⅠ和GⅡ病毒载量在2023年春季(2—5月)均为高峰期。结论环境污水监测作为NoV监测的一个补充手段,有一定的可行性。Objective To understand the detection rate and viral load distributions of Norovirus(NoV)in environmental sewage in Fujian Province,and to provide a basis for the use of sewage for NoV monitoring.Methods Sewage samples were collected at designated monitoring sites from July 2022 to December 2023.Real time fluorescent quantitative PCR was applied to detect GⅠand GⅡNoV in sewage concentrate and to measure their viral loads.Descriptive epidemiological methods were used for statistical analysis.Results A total of 86 sewage samples were collected.The detection rates of GⅠand GⅡNoV were 60.5%and 96.5%,respectively,with average viral loads of 24.2 cp/μL and 108.2 cp/μL.The detection rate(χ^(2)=33.09,P=0.000)and viral load(t=6.399,P=0.000)of GⅡNoV were both higher than those of GⅠ.Among the five sampling sites,the detection rate of GⅠwas highest at the FZ-X site(88.2%),while the detection rates of GⅡ(88.2%-100.0%)showed no statistically significant differences between the sampling sites.Among the five sampling sites,both GⅠand GⅡviral loads were highest at the FZ-X site.The temporal distribution showed peaks in the winter and spring.The viral loads of both GⅠand GⅡexhibited peak periods in the spring of 2023(February to May).Conclusion Application of environmental sewage monitoring as a supplementary method for NoV surveillance is feasible to some extent.

关 键 词：诺如病毒 污水监测 检出率 病毒载量 

分 类 号：R373.2[医药卫生—病原生物学]