战略性关键矿产的全球竞争:地缘博弈态势与我国战略对冲机制  

作　　者：盛莹婕 孙晓蕾 姬强 宋宇 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学公共政策与管理学院,北京100049

出　　处：《中国能源》2024年第12期58-67,共10页Energy of China

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“我国战略性矿产资源供应安全与风险研究”(编号:23AZD071);国家社会科学基金重大项目“多重风险因素叠加视角下我国能源安全问题研究”(编号:23&ZD093)

摘　　要：在全球能源转型的背景下,战略性关键矿产成为大国博弈的新焦点,厘清其地缘博弈态势对保障国家资源安全和提升产业链韧性至关重要。本文分析了美国等西方国家战略性关键矿产领域的政策调整及合作策略,揭示其供应链“排他性”、国际合作“阵营化”、资源民族主义“全球化”,及矿业技术竞争“地缘化”的博弈态势。通过剖析美国等西方国家在稀土精炼、先进电池、矿产回收和数字测绘等领域的矿业联盟合作,探讨其对我国经济的潜在影响,并提出加快矿业科技创新,完善风险预警机制,推进资源开发与储备,加强国际合作和多边外交等对冲机制,增强我国资源全球配置能力并化解地缘不利影响等战略。In the context of global energy transition,strategic critical minerals have become a new arena for major power rivalry.Clarifying the geopolitical dynamics of global strategic critical minerals is crucial for ensuring national resource security and enhancing supply chain resilience.This study analyzes the policy adjustments and cooperation strategies of Western countries in this domain,highlighting characteristics such as the“de-Chinaization”of supply chains,“bloc-based”international cooperation,the“globalization”of resource nationalism,and the geopolitical nature of mining technology competition.By examining Western-led mining alliances in key areas such as rare earth refining,advanced batteries,mineral recycling,and digital mapping,the study explores their potential impacts on China.It also proposes strategic hedging approaches to accelerate mining technology innovation,imporve risk monitoring and early warning mechanisms,advance domestic and international resource development and reserves,strengthen international cooperation,and leveraging multilateral diplomacy to mitigate geopolitical risks and improve global resource allocation.

关 键 词：能源转型 战略性关键矿产 地缘博弈 资源民族主义 

分 类 号：F426.1[经济管理—产业经济] D81[政治法律—国际关系]