福建东山湾网箱养殖区柱状沉积物重金属垂直分布特征及污染评价  

Vertical Distribution and Pollution Assessment of Heavy Metal in the Sediment of Cage Aquaculture Areas of Dongshan Bay,Fujian

作　　者：郑盛华[1,2] 杨妙峰 席英玉[1,2] 蔡真珍 林永青[1,2] 郑惠东 曾健[3] 罗冬莲[1,2] ZHENG Shenghua;YANG Miaofeng;XI Yingyu(Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province,Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian,Xiamen 361013;Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources,Xiamen 361013,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省水产研究所,福建省海洋生物增养殖与高值化利用重点实验室,福建厦门361013 [2]福建省海洋生物资源开发利用协同创新中心,福建厦门361013 [3]厦门海洋职业技术学院,福建厦门361102

出　　处：《浙江海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2024年第6期477-486,共10页Journal of Zhejiang Ocean University:Natural Science

基　　金：国家海洋公益性行业科研专项经费资助项目(201305043-4);福建省省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项项目(闽海渔科2013R001-8,2021R1013006);福建省海洋服务与渔业高质量发展专项资金项目(FJHY-YYKJ-2022-1-1)

摘　　要：通过对2013年10月东山湾网箱养殖区4根柱状沉积物6种重金属含量的分析,评价了长期水产养殖对东山湾重金属污染的影响。结果表明,东山湾养殖区4根柱状沉积物6种重金属平均含量处于“优”等级,各元素垂直分布没有一致的趋势,Zn、Cu、Cd、Pb的最高值多在20~60 cm处,而Hg和As多在60~80 cm处。富集因子评价说明,该海域各重金属多处于低富集状态,整体富集水平Zn>Pb>As>Cd>Cu>Hg,且B1和B2的富集水平高于YB1和YB2柱状样;Zn、Cu、Pb和As具有显著相关性,表明具有相似的沉积过程,可能来源于内源性污染。根据地积累指数评价法,除了B1中的Zn、YB2和B2中的Cd和Hg部分呈轻度污染,其余元素在4根柱状样中均小于0,处于“清洁”状态。4根柱状样中各元素重金属污染系数(Cf<3)和综合污染程度值(Cd<10)表明东山湾养殖区重金属污染均处于低污染至中等污染之间;除了个别站位Cd和Hg(RI>40)外,各重金属潜在风险污染指数(RI)均为轻微生态风险,所有柱状样重金属的潜在生态风险指数均小于150,说明东山湾养殖区沉积物重金属污染程度轻,表明该海域高密度网箱养殖不会影响沉积物重金属污染。The impact of long-term aquaculture on heavy metal pollution was evaluated by analyzing the content of six heavy metals in four core sediments in October 2013 in the cage aquaculture area of Dongshan Bay.The results showed that the average contents of six heavy metals in four core sediments from Dongshan Bay aquaculture area were in the"excellent"grade.There was no consistent trend in the vertical distribution of the elements,with the highest values of Zn,Cu,Cd,and Pb at 20-60 cm,while Hg and As were mostly at 60-80 cm.Evaluation of the enrichment factors showed that the heavy metals in this sea area were mainly in a low enrichment state,and the overall enrichment level of Zn>Pb>As>Cd>Cu>Hg.and the enrichment level of B1 and B2 was higher than that of YB1 and YB2 columnar samples.There was a significant correlation among Zn,Cu,Pb,and As,indicating a similar deposition process,possibly originating from endogenous contamination.According to the geo-accumulation index method,except for Zn in B1,YB2,and Cd and Hg in B2,which were mildly polluted,all other elements in the four column samples were less than 0,and in a"clean"state.The heavy metal contamination coefficients(Cf<3)and the combined contamination level(Cd<10)of the fourcolumn samples indicated that the heavy metal contamination in the Dongshan Bay aquaculture area was in the range of low to medium contamination.Except for Cd and Hg(RI>40)at individual stations.Potential risk contamination index(RI)of each heavy metal was slight ecological risk,and the potential ecological risk indices of heavy metals for all column samples were less than 150,which indicated that the degree of heavy metal contamination of sediments in the breeding area of Dongshan Bay was slight.They suggested that highdensity cage aquaculture in this sea area would not affect the heavy metal contamination of the sediments.

关 键 词：东山湾养殖区 柱状沉积物 重金属污染 富集因子 地积累指数评价 潜在风险评价 

分 类 号：P734[天文地球—海洋化学]