生育基本国策的宪法结构与治理转型  

作　　者：秦小建[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学法学院

出　　处：《荆楚法学》2024年第6期115-125,共11页Jingchu Law Review

摘　　要：生育基本国策作为中国人口政策的主要载体,在宪法上被确认为一项基本国策。在传统人口政策下,生育基本国策的制定和实施过程形成“国家—个体”的二元对立结构,未将社会吸纳进入国家。这一结构遵循着以人口调控来促进经济社会发展的单向思维,而忽视了人口作为社会发展的结构性要素所能发挥的对基本国策的内在影响。当前的人口政策调整也未能完全跳脱这一理论与实践困境。生育行为具有强烈的社会性,人口问题集中体现了“国家—社会—个体”的宪法结构。以该结构为依托,形成国家意志、社会结构和个体(家庭)自主的动态契合,构成生育基本国策嵌入国家治理体系的联接点,亦是人口治理现代转型的基本理据与程序路径。As the main carrier of China’s population policy,family planning policy was recognized as a basic national policy in the constitution.Under the traditional population policy,the formulation and implementation of the basic national policy on fertility has formed a dualistic structure of“state and individual”,and the society has not been absorbed into the state.This policy structure follows the one-way thinking of promoting economic and social development through population control,but ignores the inherent influence of population as a structural element of social development on national policy,which led to the current population policy failed to escape theory and practice difficulties.Reproductive behavior has a strong sociality,the population problem embodies the constitutional structure of the“state-society-family-individual”.Basing on the structure,forming a dynamic combination of national will,social structure and individual(family)autonomy,constitutng the junction which shows the basic national policy of family planning that was absorbed in the national governance system,is the basic reason and program path of modern transformation of population management.

关 键 词：计划生育 基本国策 宪法结构 人口治理 

分 类 号：D921[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学] D922.1[政治法律—法学]