乡尺线索下的地域营造风格探析——以吴越闽地域为例  

Analysing Regional Construction Style through the Lens of Vernacular Ruler,Exemplified by the Wu,Yue,and Min Regions

作　　者：李浈[1] 颜炳亮 Li Zhen;Yan Bingliang(College of Architecture and Urban Planning,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092)

机构地区：[1]同济大学建筑与城市规划学院,上海200092

出　　处：《建筑遗产》2024年第4期42-54,共13页Heritage Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52278040)

摘　　要：文章从“尺系树”对乡土建筑谱系研究的借鉴意义及参照作用出发,以我国吴越闽地域为例,结合历史上度制演变的客观规律以及乡尺使用中的区域性和稳定性特点,分别从匠语、匠技、匠意与匠俗四个方面比照并分析乡土建筑早期的形制遗风与乡尺的时代线索,认为在吴尺、浙尺和闽尺各自尺系范畴内,营造特征大致遵循“早期尺短、晚期尺长”的一般规律,且建筑形制的时代上限与尺长所反映的时代特征匹配。文章在匠系视角下对我国南方地区乡土建筑的区划和谱系研究提供了一定的补充和参照。This article draws on the‘ruler tree’as a reference to analyse the pedigree of vernacular architecture in the Wu,Yue,and Min regions of China.The article compares the early traces of vernacular architecture with the period characteristics of vernacular rulers across four dimensions:crafts terminology,craftsmanship,design philosophies,and crafts customs,integrating the ruler system’s historical evolution pattern with the regionality and consistency presented in the application of vernacular rulers.The analysis reveals that the length of vernacular ruler conforms to the pattern in which the earlier rulers are generally shorter than the later ones in the Wu-Ruler,Zhe-Ruler,and Min-Ruler systems,respectively.Furthermore,the dating hypothesis based on architectural forms is corroborated by the period characteristics presented in the ruler length.Therefore,the research findings provide supplements and references for the study of regional division and pedigree in southern China from the perspective of craftsmanship.

关 键 词：乡尺 乡土建筑 营造 古风 吴越闽 

分 类 号：TU-092[建筑科学—建筑理论] TU366.2[文化科学] G07