2009—2023年泉州市报告学校突发公共卫生事件流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of public health emergencies in schools reported in Quanzhou city from 2009 to 2023

作　　者：石神鉴 李锋平[1] 刘江艺[1] 杜荣光 王伟明[1] SHI Shen-jian;LI Feng-ping;LIU Jiang-yi;DU Rong-guang;WANG Wei-ming(Quanzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Quanzhou,Fujian,362000,China)

机构地区：[1]泉州市疾病预防控制中心,福建泉州362000

出　　处：《疾病预防控制通报》2025年第1期65-69,共5页Bulletin of Disease Control & Prevention(China)

摘　　要：目的分析泉州市2009—2023年报告学校突发公共卫生事件流行病学特征及响应情况,为有效防控学校突发公共卫生事件发生提供科学依据。方法从中国疾病预防控制信息系统中导出2009—2023年泉州市报告学校突发公共卫生事件资料,采用描述流行病学方法,分析事件的流行病学特征。结果泉州市2009—2023年共报告学校突发公共卫生事件91起,发病3594例,罹患率2.21%,无死亡病例。报告发生事件数和发病数最多的是呼吸道传染病,报告事件数居前3位的病种分别是流行性感冒37起、水痘17起、其他感染性腹泻病14起。发病时间主要集中在4—6月和11—12月。乡(镇)学校罹患率高于城区学校(χ^(2)=144.689,P<0.01)。发生场所主要是小学36起、占39.56%,中学/中专40起、占43.96%。91起学校突发公共卫生事件的介入处置时间中位数是6.00 d,持续时间中位数为11.04 d,事件持续时间与介入处置时间呈正相关(r=0.720,P<0.01)。结论泉州市报告学校突发公共卫生事件以呼吸道和肠道传染病为主,小学、中学/中专是防控的关键,及时发现和报告疫情,可缩短事件持续时间;对重点人群加强预防接种,根据不同类型学校开展针对性的传染病知识宣教和健康监测等防控工作,以降低学校突发公共卫生事件的发生。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and responds of public health emergencies in schools reported in Quanzhou city from 2009 to 2023,and provide scientific basis for effectively preventing and controlling the public health emergencies in schools.Methods The data of public health emergencies in schools reported in Quanzhou city from 2009 to 2023 were extracted from the Chinese Disease Control and Prevention Information System,and the epidemiological characteristics were analyzed with descriptive epidemiological methods.Results A total of 91 public health emergencies in schools were reported in Quanzhou city from 2009 to 2023,with 3594 patients onset and the attack rate was 2.21%.No death cases reported.The respiratory infectious diseases were the most in the reported emergencies and the number of incidence.The top three diseases in the reported emergencies was influenza,with 37 emergency evens,chickenpox,with 17 emergency evens,and other infectious diarrhea,with 14 emergency evens.The onset time of the patients concentrated from April to June and November to December.The attack rate in rural schools was higher than that in urban schools(χ^(2)=144.689,P<0.01).The emergency evens mainly happened in primary school,with 36 emergency evens,accounting for 39.56%,secondary schools/technical secondary schools,with 40 emergency evens,accounting for 43.96%.The median intervention time of 91 public health emergencies in schools was 6.00 days,and the median time of duration was 11.04 days.The time of duration showed positive correlation with intervention time(r=0.720,P<0.01).Conclusions The respiratory and intestinal infectious diseases are dominant among the public health emergencies in schools in Quanzhou city.Primary school and secondary schools/technical secondary schools are the key places for prevention and control of public health emergencies.Timely finding and reporting of the epidemic can shorten the duration of the public emergency even.Strengthening vaccination in the key population and carryi

关 键 词：学校 突发公共卫生事件 流行病学特征 监测 

分 类 号：R181[医药卫生—流行病学]