2023—2024年郑州市某医院呼吸道感染儿童肺炎支原体流行特征  

Epidemiological Characteristics of Mycoplasma Pneumoniae in Children with Respiratory Infections in a Hospital in Zhengzhou City,2023—2024

作　　者：齐佳会 李宏伟 李皓 王竹园 张硕 张琳琳[1,2] 袁恩武 QI Jiahui;LI Hongwei;LI Hao;WANG Zhuyuan;ZHANG Shuo;ZHANG Linlin;YUAN Enwu(Department of Laboratory Medicine,the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450052,China;Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for In Vitro Diagnosis of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy,Zhengzhou 450052,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学第三附属医院检验医学科,河南郑州450052 [2]郑州市妊娠期高血压疾病体外诊断重点实验室,河南郑州450052

出　　处：《河南医学研究》2025年第6期969-974,共6页Henan Medical Research

摘　　要：目的分析郑州地区儿童肺炎支原体(MP)感染的病原学流行特点,探讨“后疫情时代”儿童MP感染的相关影响因素,为此类疾病的防控提供参考。方法回顾性分析2023年1月至2024年12月郑州大学第三附属医院因呼吸道感染性疾病就诊并进行MP-DNA检测患儿的结果,结合年龄、性别和季节因素进行流行病学分析。结果共纳入12665例,其中男性患儿6890例,女性患儿5775例,年龄中位数为6岁,共检出3686例阳性患儿(29.10%),2023年和2024年的阳性检出率分别是33.21%和19.17%(P<0.001);男性和女性患儿的总阳性检出率差异无统计学意义(P=0.101),2023年男性和女性患儿的阳性检出率均高于2024年(P<0.001);不同年龄组MP阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),MP感染患者年龄分段主要集中在学龄期阶段的7~<14岁组(41.88%)和3~<7岁组(27.08%),最低为<1岁组(9.86%);MP感染具有明显的季节性差异(P<0.001),秋季阳性率最高(37.00%),其次为冬季(23.56%)、夏季(21.89%)、春季(12.44%)。结论2023—2024年,郑州地区MP的检出率为29.10%,2023年处于MP高流行状态,男女患儿MP易感性没有差异,7~14岁是高发人群,秋冬季节发病率较高,该项研究结果可为本地区今后诊治和防护儿童MP感染制定针对性策略。Objective To analyze the epidemiological features of Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)infection in children in Zhengzhou and explore influencing factors in the post-pandemic era,providing evidence for disease prevention and control.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 12665 children with respiratory infections who underwent MP-DNA testing at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2023 to December 2024.Epidemiological characteristics were evaluated by age,sex,and season.Results Among 12665 children(6890 males,5775 females,median age 6 years),3686 tested positive for MP(29.10%).The positivity rates in 2023 and 2024 were 33.21% and 19.17%,respectively(P<0.001).No sex-based difference was observed in overall MP positivity(P=0.101),though both sexes showed higher positivity in 2023 than 2024(P<0.001).Age-specific MP positivity varied significantly(P<0.001),with the highest rates in school-aged children(7-<14 years:41.88%;3-<7 years:27.08%)and the lowest in infants(<1 year:9.86%).Seasonal differences were notable(P<0.001),with autumn(37.00%)and winter(23.56%)showing higher positivity than summer(21.89%)and spring(12.44%).Conclusion From 2023 to 2024,the MP detection rate in Zhengzhou was 29.10%,with a high prevalence in 2023.No sex-specific susceptibility was observed.School-aged children(7-14 years)were the most affected group,and infections peaked in autumn and winter.These findings support targeted strategies for MP diagnosis,treatment,and prevention in this region.

关 键 词：呼吸道感染 肺炎支原体 儿童 流行特征 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]