2018—2024年郑州市某医院肺炎支原体感染情况  

Infection Situation of Mycoplasma Pneumoniae from 2018 to 2024 in a Hospital in Zhengzhou City

作　　者：李晓宁[1] 王炜[2] LI Xiaoning;WANG Wei(Medical Laboratory,the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450000,China;Infection Control Office,the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南中医药大学第一附属医院检验科,河南郑州450000 [2]河南中医药大学第一附属医院感染控制办公室,河南郑州450000

出　　处：《河南医学研究》2025年第6期974-978,共5页Henan Medical Research

摘　　要：目的分析郑州市某医院2018—2024年呼吸道感染患者肺炎支原体(MP)的病原学和流行病学特征,了解该地区的MP阳性率及流行态势,为MP的防控提供可靠依据。方法收集2018年1月至2024年12月河南中医药大学第一附属医院呼吸道感染患者的MP检测结果和临床资料,进行回顾性研究。其中男112127例、女98975例,年龄2 d~106岁。分析患者血液中肺炎支原体IgM抗体的检出情况,对比人群、年龄及季节分布特征。结果各年份阳性率分别为2018年9.42%、2019年15.06%、2020年10.93%、2021年12.45%、2022年18.30%、2023年26.66%、2024年32.59%。2019年、2023年和2024年是郑州地区MP感染的流行年。211102例患者中,MP检测总阳性率为21.99%,女性阳性率(23.44%)高于男性(20.70%)(P<0.001)。学龄前幼儿阳性率(26.88%)和学龄期儿童阳性率(36.46%)高于成年人阳性率(9.40%)和老年人阳性率(2.03%)(P<0.001)。儿童MP阳性率随年龄增加而增高,成年后阳性率逐渐减低。各季节MP阳性率依次为春季(19.14%)、夏季(20.91%)、秋季(25.32%)、冬季(21.09%)。结论郑州地区呼吸道疾病患者MP感染阳性率与性别、年龄、年份、季节相关,秋冬季是MP感染高峰,应根据郑州地区MP感染特点采取有效防控措施。Objective To analyze the etiological and epidemiological characteristics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)in a Hospital in Zhengzhou from 2018 to 2024,and to understand the positive rate and epidemic situation of MP in this area,so as to provide reliable basis for the prevention and control of MP.Methods The results of MP detection and clinical data of patients with respiratory tract infection in the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2018 to December 2024 were retrospectively analyzed.There were 112127 males and 98975 females,aged from 2 days to 106 years.The detection of MP IgM antibody in the blood of the patients was analyzed,and the characteristics of population,age and seasonal distribution were compared.Results The positive rates were 9.42% in 2018,15.06% in 2019,10.93% in 2020,12.45% in 2021,18.30% in 2022,26.66% in 2023 and 32.59% in 2024.The year of 2019,2023 and 2024 was the epidemic year of MP infection in Zhengzhou area.Of the 211102 patients,the total positive rate of MP was 21.99%,and the positive rate of female(23.44%)was higher than that of male(20.70%)(P<0.001).The positive rate of preschool children(26.88%)and school children(36.46%)were higher than those of adults(9.40%)and the elderly(2.03%)(P<0.001).The positive rate of MP in children increased with age and decreased gradually in adults.The positive rates of MP were 19.14% in spring,20.91% in summer,25.32% in autumn and 21.09%in winter.On the whole,the incidence of MP infection was high in autumn and winter.Conclusion The positive rate of MP infection in patients with respiratory diseases in Zhengzhou was correlated with sex,age,year and season.The peak of MP infection was in autumn and winter.Effective measures should be taken according to the characteristics of MP infection in Zhengzhou area.

关 键 词：肺炎支原体 流行病学 呼吸道感染 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]