胸腔积液细胞免疫组织化学染色检查结合肺纤维支气管镜细胞病理学检查诊断肺癌的临床意义  

Clinical Significance of Combined Pleural Effusion Cell Immunohistochemical Staining and Pulmonary Fiberoptic Bronchoscopy Cytopathological Examination in the Diagnosis of Lung Cancer

作　　者：韩滨 HAN Bin(Department of Pathology,Zhumadian Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Zhumadian 463000,China)

机构地区：[1]驻马店市中医院病理科,河南驻马店463000

出　　处：《河南医学研究》2025年第6期1053-1055,共3页Henan Medical Research

摘　　要：目的探讨胸腔积液细胞免疫组织化学染色检查结合肺纤维支气管镜细胞病理学检查在肺癌诊断中的临床价值。方法选取驻马店市中医院2021年4月至2024年4月收治的80例疑似肺癌患者作为研究对象,行胸腔积液细胞免疫组织化学染色检查和肺纤维支气管镜细胞病理学检查,并与手术病理活检结果对比,分析胸腔积液细胞免疫组织化学染色检查结合肺纤维支气管镜细胞病理学检查的诊断效果。结果80例疑似肺癌患者,经手术病理活检诊断52例(65.00%)为阳性,28例(35.00%)为阴性;经肺纤维支气管镜细胞病理学检查诊断45例(56.25%)为阳性,35例(43.75%)为阴性;经胸腔积液细胞免疫组织化学染色检查诊断46例(57.50%)为阳性,34例(42.50%)为阴性。胸腔积液细胞免疫组织化学染色检查和肺纤维支气管镜细胞病理学检查联合诊断灵敏度为96.15%、特异度为64.29%。单一胸腔积液细胞免疫组织化学染色检查或肺纤维支气管镜细胞病理学检查对肺癌诊断的灵敏度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。肺纤维支气管镜细胞病理学检查的特异度高于胸腔积液细胞免疫组织化学染色检查,两种检查联合诊断灵敏度高于单一诊断(P<0.05)。结论联合应用胸腔积液细胞免疫组织化学染色检查、肺纤维支气管镜细胞病理学检查可提高肺癌诊断准确性,可用于肺癌疾病的临床诊断,指导临床分子靶向治疗。Objective To investigate the clinical value of pleural effusion cell immunohistochemical staining combined with pulmonary fiberoptic bronchoscopy cytopathological examination in the diagnosis of lung cancer.Methods Eighty patients with suspected lung cancer admitted to Zhumadian Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from April 2021 to April 2024 were selected as subjects.Pleural effusion cell immunohistochemical staining and pulmonary fiberoptic bronchoscopy cytopathological examination were performed,and the results were compared with surgical pathological biopsy to analyze the diagnostic efficacy of the combined approach.Results Among the 80 suspected cases,surgical pathological biopsy confirmed 52 cases(65.00%)as positive and 28 cases(35.00%)as negative.Pulmonary fiberoptic bronchoscopy cytopathological examination diagnosed 45 cases(56.25%)as positive and 35 cases(43.75%)as negative.Pleural effusion cell immunohistochemical staining diagnosed 46 cases(57.50%)as positive and 34 cases(42.50%)as negative.The combined diagnosis of pleural effusion cell immunohistochemical staining and pulmonary fiberoptic bronchoscopy cytopathological examination achieved a sensitivity of 96.15% and specificity of 64.29%.There was no significant difference in sensitivity between the two individual diagnostic methods(P>0.05).The specificity of pulmonary fiberoptic bronchoscopy cytopathological examination was higher than that of pleural effusion cell immunohistochemical staining,and the combined approach demonstrated higher sensitivity than either method alone(P<0.05).Conclusion The combined application of pleural effusion cell immunohistochemical staining and pulmonary fiberoptic bronchoscopy cytopathological examination improves the accuracy of lung cancer diagnosis,providing reliable guidance for clinical diagnosis and molecular targeted therapy.

关 键 词：肺癌 胸腔积液 免疫组织化学染色 肺纤维支气管镜细胞病理学检查 

分 类 号：R44[医药卫生—诊断学]