Matching the light and nitrogen distributions in the maize canopy to achieve high yield and high radiation use efficiency  

作　　者：Xiaoxia Guo Wanmao Liu Yunshan Yang Guangzhou Liu Bo Ming Ruizhi Xie Keru Wang Shaokun Li Peng Hou 

机构地区：[1]Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-Agriculture,Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps/College of Agronomy,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832000,China [2]Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Crop Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China [3]School of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China

出　　处：《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》2025年第4期1424-1435,共12页农业科学学报(英文版)

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32172118);the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFD0300110 and 2016YFD0300101);the Basic Scientific Research Fund of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,China(S2022ZD05);the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program,China(CAAS-ZDRW202004)。

摘　　要：The distributions of light and nitrogen within a plant's canopy reflect the growth adaptation of crops to the environment and are conducive to improving the carbon assimilation ability.So can the yield in crop production be maximized by improving the light and nitrogen distributions without adding any additional inputs?In this study,the effects of different nitrogen application rates and planting densities on the canopy light and nitrogen distributions of two highyielding maize cultivars(XY335 and DH618)and the regulatory effects of canopy physiological characteristics on radiation use efficiency(RUE)and yield were studied based on high-yield field experiments in Qitai,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,China,during 2019 and 2020.The results showed that the distribution of photosynthetically active photon flux density(PPFD)in the maize canopy decreased from top to bottom,while the vertical distribution of specific leaf nitrogen(SLN)initially increased and then decreased from top to bottom in the canopy.When SLN began to decrease,the PPDF values of XY335 and DH618 were 0.5 and 0.3,respectively,corresponding to 40.6 and49.3%of the total leaf area index(LAI).Nitrogen extinction coefficient(K_(N))/light extinction coefficient(K_(L))ratio in the middle and lower canopy of XY335(0.32)was 0.08 higher than that of DH618(0.24).The yield and RUE of XY335(17.2 t ha^(-1)and 1.8g MJ^(-1))were 7.0%(1.1 t ha^(-1))and 13.7%(0.2 g MJ^(-1))higher than those of DH618(16.1 t ha^(-1)and 1.6 g MJ^(-1)).Therefore,better light conditions(where the proportion of LAI in the upper and middle canopy was small)improved the light distribution when SLN started to decline,thus helping to mobilize the nitrogen distribution and maintain a high K_(N)and K_(N)/K_(L)ratio.In addition,K_(N)/K_(L)was a key parameter for yield improvement when the maize nutrient requirements were met at 360 kg N ha^(-1).At this level,an appropriately optimized high planting density could promote nitrogen utilization and produce higher yields and greater efficiency.The re

关 键 词：MAIZE canopy N distribution canopy light distribution radiation use efficiency 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]