基于电弧声信号监测电弧炉运行工况的研究  

Monitoring the Operating Condition of Electric Arc Furnace Based on Arc Acoustic Signal

作　　者：蔡安江[1] 张海涛 周文栋 张攀辉 CAI Anjang;ZHANG Haitao;ZHOU Wendong;ZHANG Panhui(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Xian University of Architecture and Technology,Xi'an 710055,China;Xi'an Electric Furnace Research Institute Co.Ltd.,Xi'an 710061,China;Shaanxi Province"Four Main and One Joint"Electric Furnace Engineering Technology Research Center,Xi'an 710061,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学机电工程学院,陕西西安710055 [2]西安电炉研究所有限公司,陕西西安710061 [3]陕西省“四主体一联合”电炉工程技术研究中心,陕西西安710061

出　　处：《工业加热》2025年第3期1-10,19,共11页Industrial Heating

基　　金：陕西省秦创原“科学家+工程师”队伍建设项目(2023KXJ-247);陕西省重点研发计划项目(2023-YBGY-089);山东省重点研发计划(2024TSGC0920)。

摘　　要：电弧炉是当今冶金领域最重要的炼钢设备之一,其运行工况、健康状态的准确监控是生产的关键问题,电弧声可以作为电弧炉冶炼过程中的状态因素,具有工程应用价值。以电弧炉产生的电弧声为研究对象,探究了电弧声与电弧炉运行工况的相关性;针对电炉冶炼过程存在随机性干扰严重的问题,利用Pandas法对电弧声信号进行数据清洗,基于功率谱分析方法研究了噪声信号与电弧声信号的异同点,设计滤波器对电弧声信号进行降噪处理。从电弧声时域、频域和能量层面进行研究,提出电弧声波动程度、电弧声音色、电弧声声强作为反映电弧炉冶炼运行工况的声音特征指标,并确定了电弧声的方差值、谐频基频比、能量值作为电弧声特征参数;研究了各个运行工况下三个电弧声特征参数的变化规律及对电弧炉运行工况的影响,得到了电弧声特征参数对电弧炉运行工况的阈值范围与识别率,实现了利用电弧声对电弧炉运行工况的识别以及异常运行工况的预警,为实现电弧炉冶炼工艺的提升提供了理论指导和技术基础。Electric arc furnace(EAF)is one of the most important steelmaking equipment in the field of metallurgy,and the accurate monitoring of its operating condition and health status is the key issue in production.It takes the arc sound produced by the arc furnace as the research object,and explores the correlation between the arc sound and the operating condition of the arc furnace.In order to solve the problem of serious random interference in the smelting process of electric furnace,the Pandas method was used to clean the data of the arc sound signal.The diferences and similarities between the noise signal and the arc sound signal were studied based on the power spectrum analysis method,anda filter was designed to denoise the arc sound signal.Arc sound fluctuation degree,arc sound color and arc sound intensity are proposed as sound characteristic indexes to reflect the operating conditions of arc furnace,and the variance value,harmonic frequency fundamental frequency ratio and energy value of arc sound are determined as arc sound characteristic parameters.The variation rules of the three arc sound characteristic parameters under each operating condition and their influence on the operating condition of the arc furnace were studied,and the threshold range and recognition rate of the arc sound characteristic parameters on the operating condition of the arc furnace were obtained,which realized the identification of the operating condition of the arc furnace and the early warning of the abnormal operating condition by arc sound.It provides theoretical guidance and technical basis for the improvement of electric arc furnace smelting process.

关 键 词：电弧声 信号分析 声音特征 运行工况 阈值范围和识别率 

分 类 号：TP806.6[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]