时变载荷作用下永磁直驱发电机外转子铁芯机械响应研究  

Analysis on mechanical response of external rotor core of direct drive permanent magnet generator under time-varying loads

作　　者：何玉灵[1,2] 杨佳文 孙凯 吴学伟[1] 朱晓光 罗浩然[1] HE Yuling;YANG Jiawen;SUN Kai;WU Xuewei;ZHU Xiaoguang;LUO Haoran(Hebei Key Laboratory of Electric Machinery Health Maintenance&Failure Prevention,North China Electric Power University,Baoding 071003,China;Suzhou Institute,North China Electric Power University,Suzhou 215000,China)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学河北省电力机械设备健康维护与失效预防重点实验室,保定071003 [2]华北电力大学苏州研究院,苏州215000

出　　处：《机械强度》2025年第4期27-38,共12页Journal of Mechanical Strength

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52177042);高校基本科研业务费专项基金项目(2023MS128);河北省第三批青年拔尖人才支持计划([2018]-27);河北省高层次人才资助项目(B20231006);苏州市社会发展科技创新项目(SS202134)。

摘　　要：针对外转子直驱永磁发电机在时变磁拉力载荷作用下外转子铁芯机械响应进行理论解析、仿真计算和试验验证。首先,解析了外转子发电机转子铁芯磁拉力的来源及其随载荷变化规律,确定了转子磁拉力表达式以及时间阶次和空间阶次特征。同时分析了外转子铁芯基本振动模型,确定了外转子铁芯基本振动方程。然后,建立了外转子直驱发电机的仿真计算模型,得到了单位面积磁拉力的时空阶次特征和典型日下随时间变化规律。将电磁场得到的单位面积磁拉力密度作为输入载荷导入结构场,进行磁-固(结构)耦合仿真,计算分析了外转子铁芯在参考时刻的变形和应力的分布及振动噪声响应的变化规律。最后,用一台13 kW外转子直驱发电机模拟实例印证了解析和仿真的准确性。研究结果确定了外转子铁芯所承受的时变载荷及其作用下的机械响应分布规律,发现了发电机运行时转子铁芯应该重点检测的时刻和部位,同时分析了时变载荷下的噪声特性,为发电机的维护和设计提供了一定的参考依据。The mechanical response of external rotor direct drive generator under time-varying loads is analyzed theoretically,calculated by simulation and verified by test.Firstly,the source of magnetic pull of the rotor core of the external rotor generator and its variation with load were analyzed.The expression of magnetic pull of the rotor and the characteristics of time and space order were determined.The basic vibration model of the external rotor core was analyzed,and the basic vibration equation of the external rotor core was determined.Then the simulation model of the external rotor generator was established,and the spatiotemporal order characteristics of the magnetic pull and the typical daily variation rule with time were obtained.The magnetic pull density obtained from the electromagnetic field was used as the input load to guide the structure field.The magnetic-solid coupling simulation was carried out,and the deformation and stress distribution and noise response of the external rotor core were calculated and analyzed.Finally,a simulation example of a 13 kW external rotor direct-drive generator proved the correctness of the analysis and simulation.The results of the study determined the time-varying load on the outer rotor core and its mechanical response distribution.It is found that the time and position of the rotor core should be tested emphatically when the generator is running.Noise characteristics under time-varying loads are also analyzed.The analysis provides reference for the maintenance and design of the generator.

关 键 词：外转子直驱永磁同步发电机 机械响应 磁拉力 时变载荷 电磁噪声 

分 类 号：TM31[电气工程—电机]