破除地方保护和市场分割:政策演变、成绩进展与问题挑战  

Breaking Down Local Protection and Market Segmentation:Policy Evolution,Achievements and Challenges

作　　者：张容嘉 RONGJIA ZHANG(Institute of Quantitative and Technological Economics,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences;Quantitative Economics Association of China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院数量经济与技术经济研究所 [2]中国数量经济学会

出　　处：《产业经济评论》2025年第2期47-61,共15页Review of Industrial Economics

基　　金：中国社会科学院经济大数据与政策评估实验室(批准号:2024SYZH004);中国社会科学院学科建设“登峰战略”资助计划数量经济学优势学科(批准号:DF2023YS29);中国社会科学院青启计划“平台扼杀式并购对创新影响及规制政策研究”(批准号:2024QQJH129)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：破除地方保护和市场分割、构建全国统一大市场是新时代背景下的必然要求,对于推动中国经济高质量发展、实现共同富裕目标具有重要意义。本文对破除地方保护和市场分割的政策进行梳理,总结近年来的成绩进展,并指出新形势下构建全国统一大市场面临的诸多挑战,最后提出政策建议。研究表明,破除地方保护和市场分割的相关政策从1980年至今,经历了萌芽期、探索期、发展期和深化期四个阶段,在营造公平竞争市场环境、推动市场高效联通和推进重点领域改革等方面均取得一定成绩。但在未来的发展中,仍面临地方政府财权事权不匹配、中央对地方考核体系亟待改进、产业结构趋同和重复建设现象突出、区域市场制度规则存在差异、“显性阻碍”转换为“隐形阻碍”、监管和政策执行面临困境和公平竞争意识有待深化的问题和挑战。本文最后提出进一步破除地方保护和市场分割、加快构建全国统一大市场的政策建议。Eliminating local protection and market segmentation and building a large,unified national market are inevitable requirements in the new era,and are of great significance to promoting high-quality economic development in China and achieving common prosperity.This paper reviews the policies to eliminate local protection and market segmentation,summarizes the achievements and progress in recent years,points out the challenges facing the construction of a national unified large market under the new situation,and finally puts forward policy recommendations.The research shows that from 1980 to now,the relevant policies to break local protection and market segmentation have gone through four stages:the embryonic stage,the exploratory stage,the development stage and the deepening stage,and have made some achievements in creating a fair competition market environment,promoting efficient market connectivity and promoting reforms in key areas.However,in the future development,there are still problems and challenges such as the mismatch of local governments’financial power and functions,the urgent need to improve the central government’s local assessment system,the prominent phenomenon of industrial structure convergence and repeated construction,the differences in regional market system and rules,the transformation of“explicit obstruction”into“invisible obstruction”,the difficulties faced by supervision and policy implementation,and the need to deepen the awareness of fair competition.Finally,this paper puts forward some policy suggestions to further break the local protection and market segmentation and speed up the construction of national unified large market.

关 键 词：地方保护 市场分割 全国统一大市场 

分 类 号：F127[经济管理—世界经济]