变换器的实时计算脉宽调制方法  

Method of real⁃time computation PWM for converters

作　　者：何青松 吴振奎[1] 魏毅立[1] 张自雷[1] 李兆泽 HE Qingsong;WU Zhenkui;WEI Yili;ZHANG Zilei;LI Zhaoze(School of Automation and Electrical Engineering,Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology,Baotou 014010,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古科技大学自动化与电气工程学院,内蒙古包头014010

出　　处：《现代电子技术》2025年第8期30-38,共9页Modern Electronics Technique

基　　金：内蒙古自治区重大科技专项(2020ZD0017);内蒙古自治区科技攻关项目(2020GG0159);内蒙古科技大学基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2024QNJS062)。

摘　　要：在分析脉宽调制原理的基础上,结合离散化的思想,提出一种实时计算脉冲宽度的方法。该方法在一个采样周期内采集一次参考电压信号,再基于伏秒平衡原理推导在一个开关周期内功率器件导通与关断时间的计算公式,并给出方法实现流程。所提方法计算简洁、可输出任意电压信号、不依靠载波信号和坐标变换。其次,建立系统仿真模型,对实时计算脉宽调制(RTCPWM)控制下的单相DC-AC变换器、三相DC-AC变换器和永磁同步电机调速系统进行仿真分析,并在模拟平台上进行永磁同步电机调速系统实验验证。仿真和实验结果表明,在满足调制要求的前提下,实时计算脉宽调制的输出电压总谐波失真率为79.18%,模型性能较空间矢量脉宽调制提升30%,电机正反转转速波动范围小于1%。可将该调制策略推广应用到电力系统频率偏差调节、三相电压不平衡补偿、多功能变换器等领域。Based on the analysis of the pulse width modulation(PWM)principle and incorporating the concept of discretization,a method for pulse width real-time calculation is proposed.In this method,the reference voltage signal is collected once within a sampling period,the calculation formulas for the conduction and cutoff times of the power devices within a switching period is derived based on the volt-second balance principle.A flowchart for the implementation of this method is provided.The proposed method is characterized by its simplicity in calculations,the ability to output arbitrary voltage signals,and independence from carrier signals and coordinate transformations.A system simulation model was established,the single-phase converters,three-phase converters,and permanent magnet synchronous motor speed control systems are simulated and analyzed under real-time calculation pulse width modulation(RTCPWM)control,and the experimental verification of the permanent magnet synchronous motor speed control system is conducted on the simulation platform.The simulation and experimental results show that,under the premise of meeting the modulation requirements,the real-time calculation of the total harmonic distortion rate of the output voltage of PWM is 79.18%,and the model performance is improved by 30%compared to space vector pulse width modulation.The fluctuation range of the motor's forward and reverse rotation speeds is less than 1%.This modulation strategy can be extended and applied to fields such as frequency deviation regulation in power systems,three-phase voltage imbalance compensation,and multifunctional converters.

关 键 词：脉宽调制 变换器 实时计算脉宽调制 永磁同步电机 谐波分析 永磁同步电机调速系统 

分 类 号：TN624-34[电子电信—电路与系统] TM34[电气工程—电机]