复杂电动汽车集群接入下主动配电网电压两阶段控制方法  

A two-stage voltage control method for distribution network integrated with complex electric vehicle clusters

作　　者：方鑫 李娟 袁宇波 袁晓冬 FANG Xin;LI Juan;YUAN Yubo;YUAN Xiaodong(State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co.,Ltd.Research Institute,Nanjing 211106,China)

机构地区：[1]国网江苏省电力有限公司电力科学研究院,江苏南京211106

出　　处：《电力工程技术》2025年第2期209-219,共11页Electric Power Engineering Technology

摘　　要：随着光伏(photovoltaic,PV)和电动汽车(electric vehicle,EV)的加速普及,配电网面临着电压越限、电压波动等问题。一方面,传统的调压资源响应速度慢、寿命有限,无法快速响应由PV和EV产生的临时电压。另一方面,EV和PV分别通过充电桩和逆变器与电网相连,其全控型功率变换器具有实时调整运行参数的能力,使EV和PV成为配电网中理想的无功电压支撑资源。为了充分发挥EV和PV的无功电压支撑能力,文中提出配电网电压调节的两阶段控制方法,包括日前和日内控制阶段,其中日前控制阶段通过全局优化算法给出有载调压变压器和电容器组的日前运行方案从而避免潜在的电压越限问题,日内控制阶段则依据EV和PV的实时运行状态对其无功输出进行实时滚动调节,通过无功补偿的手段尽可能降低配电网节点电压偏差和平抑电压波动。最后,在修改后的IEEE 123节点配电网系统中通过算例仿真验证了所提配电网电压两阶段控制方法的有效性。结果表明,EV和PV的无功补偿能力可在一定程度上改善配电网的节点电压分布。With the accelerating popularization of photovoltaics(PVs)and electric vehicles(EVs),distribution networks are facing issues such as voltage violations and voltage fluctuations.On the one hand,conventional voltage regulation resources are featured by slow response and limited lifespan,making them unable to rapidly respond to the temporary voltage issues caused by PVs and EVs.On the other hand,EVs and PVs interact with the power grid through charging stations and inverters,and their fully controllable power converters are capable of adjusting their operating settings in real time,making EVs and PVs ideal resources for reactive power-based voltage support.To fully leverage the reactive power support capabilities of EVs and PVs,a two-stage control scheme for the voltage regulation in distribution networks is proposed,including a day-ahead control stage and an intraday control stage.The day-ahead control stage provides a day-ahead operational scheduling of on-load tap changers and capacitor banks through global optimization algorithms to avoid potential voltage violation issues.The intraday control stage dynamically adjusts the reactive power output of EVs and PVs based on their real-time operating states,minimizing voltage deviations and fluctuations in the distribution network through reactive power compensation.Finally,the effectiveness of the proposed two-stage control method for voltage regulation in distribution networks is verified via case studies on a modified IEEE 123-bus test feeder.The simulation results show that the reactive power compensation capabilities of EVs and PVs can improve the voltage distribution in the distribution network to some extent.

关 键 词：电动汽车(EV) 光伏(PV) 电压调节 两阶段控制 滚动优化 蒙特卡洛 

分 类 号：TM73[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]