2188例儿童呼吸道感染病原微生物类型与年龄、季节关系的回顾性研究  

A retrospective study on the relationship between pathogenic microorganism types,age and season in 2188 children with respiratory tract infections

作　　者：袁媛[1] 赛琴 张光玲 孙智月 赵可心 于鑫岩 YUAN Yuan;SAI Qin;ZHANG Guangling;SUN Zhiyue;ZHAO Kexin;YU Xinyan(Department of Pediatrics,962 Hospital,Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150080,China;Department of Intensive Care Medicine,Beijing Children's Hospital Heilongjiang Hospital,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九六二医院儿科,黑龙江哈尔滨150080 [2]北京儿童医院黑龙江医院重症医学科,黑龙江哈尔滨150000

出　　处：《国际检验医学杂志》2025年第7期806-811,共6页International Journal of Laboratory Medicine

基　　金：黑龙江省卫生健康委科研课题(20230606010303);中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九六二医院院内科研项目(962L202403)。

摘　　要：目的 探究2 188例儿童呼吸道感染病原微生物类型与年龄、季节的关系。方法 选取2023年6月至2024年5月中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九六二医院儿科收治的2 188例呼吸道感染患儿作为研究对象。采用靶向二代测序(tNGS)技术测定常见儿童呼吸道感染病原微生物,包括流感嗜血杆菌、鼻病毒、卡他莫拉菌、肺炎支原体、金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎链球菌、人副流感病毒、人呼吸道合胞病毒等107种病原微生物,分析哈尔滨市儿童呼吸道感染情况及流行病学特征。结果 2 188例患儿中,病原微生物检测呈阳性占98.5%(2 156/2 188),其中流感嗜血杆菌占比最高33.5%(732/2 188),其次是鼻病毒占25.0%(547/2 188)和卡他莫拉菌占24.8%(543/2 188)。男性患儿的流感嗜血杆菌和人腺病毒阳性率高于女性患儿(P<0.05),不同性别患儿其余病原微生物阳性率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。除不同年龄段人腺病毒、甲型流感病毒阳性率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)外,不同年龄段患儿其余病原微生物阳性率呼吸道感染病原微生物比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),学龄前患儿呼吸道感染病原微生物阳性率相对较高。不同季节咽峡炎链球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌阳性率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),不同季节其余的病原微生物阳性率比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。夏季流感嗜血杆菌、肺炎链球菌、人类偏肺病毒、人副流感病毒、新型冠状病毒阳性率均最高(P<0.05)。结论 2 188例儿童呼吸道感染病原微生物以流感嗜血杆菌、鼻病毒、卡他莫拉菌等混合病原微生物感染为主,学龄前儿童属于易感群体,病原微生物的流行呈季节性,临床上应根据该特征制订有关防治措施,减少疾病发生。Objective To explore the relationship between pathogenic microorganism types,age and season in 2 188 children with respiratory tract infections.Methods A total of 2 188 children with respiratory tract infections admitted to the Department of Pediatrics,962 Hospital,Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA from June 2023 to May 2024 were selected as the study subjects.Targeted next generation sequencing(tNGS) technology was used to detect 107 common pathogenic microorganism in children with respiratory tract infections,including Haemophilus influenzae,rhinovirus,Moraxella catarrhalis,Mycoplasma pneumoniae,Staphylococcus aureus,Streptococcus pneumoniae,human parainfluenza virus,human respiratory syncytial virus,etc.The respiratory tract infection situation and epidemiological characteristics of children in Harbin were analyzed.Results Among 2 188 pediatric patients,98.5%(2 156/2 188) tested positive for pathogenic microorganism,with Haemophilus influenzae accounting for the highest proportion of 33.5%(732/2 188),followed by rhinovirus of 25.0%(547/2 188) and Moraxella catarrhalis of 24.8%(543/2 188).The positive rates of Haemophilus influenzae and human adenovirus in male children were higher than those in female children(P<0.05),while there were no statistically significant differences in the positive positive rates of other pathogenic microorganism between male and female children(P>0.05).Except for human adenovirus and influenza A virus,which showed no statistically significant differences in positive rates among different age groups(P>0.05),there were statistically significant differences in the positive rates of other pathogenic microorganism among different age groups(P<0.05).The positive rates of pathogenic microorganism in preschool children were relatively high.There were no statistically significant differences in the positive rates of Streptococcus and Staphylococcus aureus in different seasons(P>0.05),while there were statistically significant differences in the positive rates of other pathogenic microorgani

关 键 词：儿童 呼吸道感染 病原微生物 年龄 季节 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学]