老年性聋患者言语声诱发听性脑干反应特征分析  

Analysis of characteristics of speech sound-evoked auditory brainstem response in presbyacusis

作　　者：陈鱼[1] 张玥琦 李培鸿 王舒雅 王巍[1] CHEN Yu;ZHANG Yueqi;LI Peihong;WANG Shuya;WANG Wei(Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Tianjin First Central Hospital,Institute of Otolaryngology of Tianjin,Key Laboratory of Auditory Speech and Balance Medicine,Key Clinical Discipline of Tianjin(Otolaryngology),Otolaryngology Clinical Quality Control Centre,Tianjin,300192,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市第一中心医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,天津市耳鼻喉科研究所,天津市听觉言语与平衡医学重点实验室,天津市耳鼻喉科学临床重点学科,天津市耳鼻喉质量控制中心,天津300192

出　　处：《中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科》2025年第2期72-75,共4页Chinese Archives of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery

摘　　要：目的分析老年性聋患者言语声诱发听性脑干反应(speech-evoked auditory brainstem response,s-ABR)特征,探讨其言语编码机制。方法选取老年性聋组、老年正常组及青年对照组各30例,以40 ms复合语音/da/为刺激声,记录s-ABR波形,分析各组潜伏期、振幅及V-A复合波斜率。结果老年性聋组波V、波A的潜伏期比老年正常组及青年对照组均明显延长(P<0.05),而老年正常组与青年对照组之间各波潜伏期差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);老年性聋组波A振幅及V-A复合波斜率均显著低于青年对照组(P<0.05),其余各波振幅差异均没有统计学意义。结论老年性聋患者s-ABR的特征提示老年性聋患者对刺激声时间响应同步性较差,对高频及快速变化声音信息的编码有缺陷,是老年性聋患者言语能力下降的可能机制之一。OBJECTIVE To analyze the results of speech-evoked auditory brainstem response(s-ABR)tests in patients with presbycusis and explore the mechanisms of speech coding in these patients.METHODS Thirty patients with presbycusis(presbycusis group),30 elderly individuals with normal hearing(elderly normal group),and 30 young adults with normal hearing(young control group)were recruited.The s-ABR was elicited using a 40 ms duration complex speech stimulus/da/,and the characteristics of s-ABR were analyzed in each group.RESULTS The latencies of waves V and A in the presbycusis group were significantly prolonged compared to both the elderly normal group and the young control group(P<0.05).However,there was no statistically significant difference in the latencies of waves between the elderly normal group and the young control group(P>0.05).The amplitude of wave A and the slope of the V-A complex wave in the presbycusis group were significantly lower than those in the young control group(P<0.05),while no statistically significant differences were observed in the amplitudes of other waves.CONCLUSION The characteristics of s-ABR in patients with presbycusis suggest that these patients have poor synchronization in response to stimulus timing and deficiencies in coding high-frequency and rapidly changing auditory information,which may be one of the mechanisms underlying the decline in speech abilities in patients with presbycusis.

关 键 词：诱发电位 听觉 脑干 老年性聋 言语编码 

分 类 号：R764.5[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]