耳科门诊中耳鸣与听力损失的关联性研究  

Analysis of the correlation between tinnitus and hearing loss in otology clinic

作　　者：黄子怡 刘博[1] 张祎[1] 周昕阳 HUANG Ziyi;LIU Bo;ZHANG Yi;ZHOU Xinyang(Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Beijing Tongren Hospital,Capital Medical University,Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery(Capital Medical University),Ministry of Education,Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology,Beijing,100730,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,耳鼻咽喉头颈科学教育部重点实验室(首都医科大学),北京市耳鼻咽喉科研究所,北京100730

出　　处：《中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科》2025年第2期86-89,共4页Chinese Archives of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery

摘　　要：目的调查耳鸣与听力损失的出现率,分析二者的关联性及不同年龄组的特点。方法纳入耳科门诊患者4716例。记录年龄、性别、有无耳鸣,完成纯音测听,分析耳鸣与纯音听阈特点,每10岁为一年龄组,进而分析二者的关系。结果4716例患者中,耳鸣患者2772例(58.78%),听力损失者3521例(74.66%)。耳鸣患者中听力损失者占80.34%(2227/2772),高于无耳鸣者中听力损失者占比66.56%(1294/1944)。11~70岁各组中有/无耳鸣者听力损失发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。耳鸣患者平均听阈高于无耳鸣患者,30岁以上各年龄组有/无耳鸣者的平均听阈差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。高频听力损失者中有耳鸣者发生率为24.57%(681/2772),无耳鸣者发生率为21.66%(421/1944)。21~40岁各组中有耳鸣者高频听力损失率高于无耳鸣者(P<0.05)。结论耳鸣患者中听力损失发病率更高、更重。青年组耳鸣患者的高频听力损失发病率更高。对耳鸣患者进行听阈评价非常重要,可为临床诊断和治疗提供依据。OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence of tinnitus and hearing loss in otology patients,and to analyze the characteristics and relationship of tinnitus and hearing loss in different age groups.METHODS A total of 4716 patients who visited otology clinic were enrolled.Age,gender,and presence or absence of tinnitus were recorded.All patients completed pure tone audiometry.The characteristics and relationship between tinnitus and pure tone audiometry threshold were analyzed after age grouping.RESULTS 1.Among the 4716 patients,2772 patients had tinnitus,accounting for 58.78%,and the incidence was highest in the 41-70 years old group.3521 cases(74.66%)had hearing loss.2.Among the patients with tinnitus,2227 cases(80.34%)had hearing loss,which was higher than that of patients without tinnitus(66.56%,1294/1944 cases).There was a difference in the incidence of hearing loss between those with and without tinnitus in each age group from 11 to 70 years(P<0.05).3.The average hearing threshold of patients with tinnitus was higher than that of patients without tinnitus.There was a difference in the average hearing threshold between patients with and without tinnitus in each age group over 30 years old(P<0.05).4.The incidence of high frequency hearing loss with tinnitus was 24.57%(681/2772),and the incidence of without tinnitus was 21.66%(421/1944).The rate of high-frequency hearing loss in the 21-40 years old group with tinnitus was higher than that in the non-tinnitus group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The incidence of hearing loss is higher and more severe in patients with tinnitus.Particular attention should be paid to tinnitus in young patients.The incidence of high-frequency hearing loss was higher in the young and middle-aged group of patients with tinnitus.Therefore,the evaluation of hearing threshold in patients with tinnitus is very important,which can provide a basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

关 键 词：耳鸣 听力损失 测听法 纯音 听阈 

分 类 号：R764.45[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]