莎车县10个扁桃品种光合特性分析  

Analysis of photosynthetic characteristics of 10 almond varieties in Shache County

作　　者：魏祎然 张冬冬 余镇藩 何雅文 古丽那孜·阿布力克木 曾斌[1] WEI Yiran;ZHANG Dongdong;YU Zhenfan;HE Yawen;GulinaziAbulikemu;ZENG Bin(College of Horticulture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学园艺学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《经济林研究》2025年第1期104-111,共8页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：2024年度自治区重点研发任务专项(2024B02018,2024B02018-2)。

摘　　要：【目的】为筛选出适合喀什地区推广栽培的优良品种提供依据。【方法】以莎车县扁桃种质资源圃中10个当地品种为试验对象,对叶绿素含量、光合指标及叶绿素荧光参数进行测定并进行方差分析、相关性分析。【结果】不同扁桃品种间叶绿素含量、光合指标及叶绿素荧光参数间存在差异。10个品种,‘大巴旦’的叶绿素a质量比、叶绿素b质量比、净光合速率、蒸腾速率均是最高,分别为2.61 mg/g、0.86 mg/g、5.60 mmol/(m^(2)·s)和21.90μmol/(m^(2)·s);‘克西’的最大荧光、PSⅡ最大光化学效率和光化学猝灭系数均是最高,分别为1926.67、0.86和0.71,‘大巴旦’次之。相关性分析发现,叶绿素a质量比与叶绿素b质量比、蒸腾速率、胞间CO_(2)浓度呈极显著正相关,与净光合速率、气孔导度呈显著正相关;净光合速率与气孔导度呈极显著正相关,与最大荧光值呈显著正相关。根据平均隶属函数值,‘大巴旦’排名第1,在10个当地品种中适应性最强。【结论】10个扁桃品种光合特性存在一定的差异,其中‘大巴旦’和‘克西’的平均隶属函数值分别排第1和第2,其光合特性要优于其他扁桃品种。【Objective】The aim of this study is to provide a basis for selecting superior almond varieties suitable for cultivation and promotion in the Kashgar region.【Method】Ten local almond varieties from the germplasm resource nursery in Shache county were investigated.Measurements of chlorophyll content,photosynthetic parameters,and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics were conducted,followed by variance analysis and correlation analysis.【Result】Significant differences were observed in chlorophyll content,photosynthetic indicators,and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters among the 10 almond varieties.The‘Dabadan’variety exhibited the highest chlorophyll a content(2.61 mg/g),chlorophyll b content(0.86 mg/g),net photosynthetic rate(5.60μmol/(m^(2)·s)),and transpiration rate(21.90 mmol/(m^(2)·s)).The'Kexi'variety showed the highest maximum fluorescence(1926.67),maximum photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ(0.86),and photochemical quenching coefficient(0.71),with'Dabadan'ranking second in these parameters.Correlation analysis revealed that chlorophyll a content showed extremely significant positive correlations with chlorophyll b content,transpiration rate,and intercellular CO₂concentration,and significant positive correlations with net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance.Net photosynthetic rate demonstrated an extremely significant positive correlation with stomatal conductance and a significant positive correlation with maximum fluorescence.Based on the average membership function values,‘Dabadan’ranked first,indicating the strongest adaptability among the 10 local varieties.【Conclusion】Photosynthetic characteristics varied among the 10 almond varieties,with‘Dabadan’and‘Kexi’achieving the highest average membership function values(ranked 1st and 2nd respectively),demonstrating superior photosynthetic performance compared to other varieties.

关 键 词：扁桃 叶绿素 光合生理 叶绿素荧光 

分 类 号：S662.9[农业科学—果树学]