光合细菌菌剂对番荔枝果园土壤微环境及果实品质的影响  

The effects of photosynthetic bacteria inoculants on the soil microenvironment and fruit quality in Annona squamosa orchard

作　　者：方仁[1] 安振宇[1] 李健琪 龙兴[1] 尧金燕[1] 普亚云 韦媛荣 黄伟雄[1] FANG Ren;AN Zhenyu;LI Jianqi;LONG Xing;YAO Jinyan;PU Yayun;WEI Yuanrong;HUANG Weixiong(Horticultural Research Institute of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning 530007,Guangxi,China;Agricultural Radio and Television School of Yujiang Hani,Yi and Dai Autonomous County,Yuxi 653300,Yunnan,China;Yunnan Yujiang Nongrun Agricultural Science and Technology Development Co.,Ltd.,Yuxi 653300,Yunnan,China;Guangxi South Subtropical Agricultural Science Research Institute,Chongzuo 532406,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区农业科学院园艺研究所,广西南宁530007 [2]元江哈尼族彝族傣族自治县农业广播电视学校,云南玉溪653300 [3]元江县农润农业科技开发有限公司,云南玉溪653300 [4]广西南亚热带农业科学研究所,广西崇左532406

出　　处：《经济林研究》2025年第1期138-145,共8页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项(2021YT049);广西农业科学院科技发展基金项目(2022JM34);云南省科技厅创新引导与科技型企业培育计划项目(202204BP090021);科技先锋队“强农富民”“六个一”专项(桂农科盟202504)。

摘　　要：【目的】探讨光合细菌菌剂在不同浓度下对番荔枝果园土壤微环境及果实品质的改善效果,为番荔枝的绿色施肥提供科学依据。【方法】以‘Gefner’番荔枝为试验材料,设置了4个不同施用量的光合细菌菌剂处理,即每160 m^(2)处理区喷施300(T_(1))、600(T_(2))、900(T_(3))、1200 m L(T_(4))的菌剂,同时设立喷施清水为对照(CK)处理,研究不同浓度光合细菌菌剂对果园土壤理化性质、酶活性、微生物数量及果实品质的影响。【结果】与CK相比,光合细菌菌剂的施用显著改善了番荔枝果园的土壤微环境和果实品质。在T_(3)处理下,番荔枝果园土壤的理化性质得到了显著提高,其中有机质含量、碱解氮含量、有效磷含量、速效钾含量和阳离子交换量等指标分别提升了18.06%、35.68%、20.88%、52.20%、15.65%;同时,酶活性也得到了显著增强,脲酶活性、蛋白酶活性、过氧化氢酶活性和蔗糖酶活性等分别提高了21.88%、10.93%、19.61%、23.09%;此外,土壤微生物生态得到有效调节,细菌数量和放线菌数量显著增加了50.44%、28.46%,而真菌数量则显著减少了18.73%;有效地提高果实的品质和产量,果实中的总糖含量、总酸含量、可溶性固形物含量、维生素C含量等分别提高了10.10%、11.65%、6.54%、28.48%,同时果实的产量也显著提高了8.33%。【结论】光合细菌菌剂的施用对番荔枝果园的土壤理化性质和微生物生态具有显著的改善作用,能够提高土壤中细菌和放线菌的数量,降低土壤中的真菌数量,同时显著提高番荔枝的果实产量与品质。其中,T_(3)处理的光合细菌菌剂对番荔枝的综合改善效果最为明显。【Objective】This study aims to explore the improvement effect of photosynthetic bacteria agents at different concentrations on the soil microenvironment and fruit quality of Annona squamosa orchard,providing reliable basis for green and scientific fertilization of A.squamosa.【Method】Taking“Gefner”A.squamosa as the experimental material,four different dosages of photosynthetic bacteria agents were set,which were sprayed with 300(T_(1)),600(T_(2)),900(T_(3)),1200 mL(T_(4))per treatment area of 160 m^(2).At the same time,spraying clean water was set as the control treatment to study the effects of different concentrations of photosynthetic bacteria agents on the physical and chemical properties,enzyme activities,microbial quantities,and fruit quality of the orchard.【Result】Compared with CK,the application of photosynthetic bacteria agents significantly improved the soil microenvironment and fruit quality of Annona squamosa orchard.Under the T_(3)treatment,the physical and chemical properties of the soil in the A.squamosa orchard were significantly improved,among which the key indicators such as organic matter,alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium,and cation exchange capacity were increased by 18.06%,35.68%,20.88%,52.20%and 15.65%,respectively;meanwhile,the enzyme activity was also significantly enhanced,and the activities of urease,protease,catalase,and invertase were increased by 21.88%,10.93%,19.61%and 23.09%,respectively;furthermore,the soil microbial ecology was effectively regulated,and the number of bacteria and actinomycetes increased significantly by 50.44%and 28.46%,while the number of fungi decreased significantly by 18.73%;thus effectively improving the quality and yield of fruits.The content of key nutritional components such as total sugar,total acid,soluble solids,and vitamin C in the fruits increased by 10.10%,11.65%,6.54%and 28.48%,respectively,and the fruit yield also increased significantly by 8.33%.【Conclusion】The application of photosynthetic bac

关 键 词：光合细菌菌剂 番荔枝 土壤微环境 果实品质 

分 类 号：S667.9[农业科学—果树学]