根腐病对多花黄精根际土壤真菌群落多样性及结构的影响  

Root rot disease changes the fungal community diversity and structure in rhizosphere of Polygonatum cyrtonema

作　　者：胡志龙 杨淞 周文君 李葵[1] 李珂 罗梅 段珍珍 钟伶俐 王坤 盘金文 唐亚福 王耀辉[1] HU Zhilong;YANG Song;ZHOU Wenjun;LI Kui;LI Ke;LUO Mei;DUAN Zhenzhen;ZHONG Lingli;WANG Kun;PAN Jinwen;TANG Yafu;WANG Yaohui(Huaihua Forestry Institute of Hunan,Huaihua 418000,Hunan,China;College of Life and Environmental Sciences,Central South University of Forestry&Technology,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China;College of Forestry and College of Soil and Water Conservation,Central South University of Forestry&Technology,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]怀化市林业科学研究所,湖南怀化418000 [2]中南林业科技大学生命与环境科学学院,湖南长沙410004 [3]中南林业科技大学林学院、水土保持学院,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《经济林研究》2025年第1期212-222,241,共12页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：湖南省科技攻关与创新专项(XLKY202337)。

摘　　要：【目的】为多花黄精根腐病的绿色防控提供参考。【方法】以4年生的健康、中度根腐病、严重根腐病的多花黄精的根际土壤为研究对象,采用第3代PacBio全长多样性测序技术测定真菌群落结构及多样性。【结果】随患病程度加重,根际土壤pH值、铵态氮含量、有效氮含量、有效磷含量、速效钾含量总体呈现下降趋势,在严重患病植株根际土壤中其数值显著小于健康植株根际土壤。在患病植株根际土壤中真菌α多样性指数均呈现单峰变化规律,即先上升后降低,在中度患病植株根际土壤中达到最大,在严重患病植株根际土壤中最小。担子菌门Basidiomycota、毛霉门Mucoromycota、子囊菌门Ascomycota为优势门,被孢霉属Mortierella、镰刀菌属Fusarium、Saitozyma为优势属。严重患病植株根际土壤中富集最多的真菌种Saitozyma podzolica的相对丰度显著高于健康和中度患病植株根际土壤,而健康植株根际土壤样品中Fusarium oxysporum明显富集。在中度患病植株根际土壤中,种水平上Geminibasidium donsium、Mariannaea aquaticola、Penicillium arenicola的相对丰度显著更高。相关性分析结果表明,根际土壤pH值与真菌群落α多样性指数显著正相关。冗余分析结果表明,土壤pH值和速效钾含量影响多花黄精根际土壤真菌群落结构。【结论】根腐病原菌主导多花黄精根际微生物群落后,真菌多样性急剧降低。根腐病显著改变了多花黄精根际土壤真菌群落结构,其优势类群相对丰度发生明显变化。Saitozyma podzolica和Fusarium oxysporum可能是造成根部腐烂的潜在致病真菌。中度患病植株根际土壤中Geminibasidium donsium、Mariannaea aquaticola、Penicillium arenicola的相对丰度显著提高体现了根际真菌群落对初期根腐病干扰的迅速响应,这些菌种可能对抑制根腐病具有生防潜力,且这些特定类群的出现使得其真菌多样性提高和群落结构�【Objective】The research results provided theoretical basis for probing guiding ecological prevention and cure for Polygonatum cyrtonema root-rot diseases.【Method】Rhizosphere fungal community composition and diversity of P.cyrtonema with 4-year old healthy,moderate and severe root rot disease were determined by the third-generation PacBio sequencing.【Result】Rhizosphere pH,ammonium nitrogen,available nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium decreased along the degree of disease,and their values were significantly lower in the severe diseased group comparing with the healthy group.Theαdiversity index of fungi in the rhizosphere soil of infected plants showed unimodal changes,reaching the maximum in the moderate group and the minimum in the severe diseased group.Dominant phyla in samples included Basidiomycota,Mucoromycota and Ascomycota while prime genera were Mortierella,Fusarium and Saitozyma.The relative abundance of Saitozyma podzolica,the most enriched fungus in the severe diseased group,was significantly higher than that in the healthy group and the moderate group,while Fusarium oxysporum was significantly enriched in the healthy group.In the moderate group,the relative abundance of Geminibasidium donsium,Mariannaea aquaticola and Penicillium arenicola at the species level was significantly higher.Correlation analysis revealed that fungal diversity indices were positively relevant to rhizosphere pH.Redundancy analysis results further clarified that rhizosphere pH value and available potassium root-affected fungal community structure.【Conclusion】The fungal diversity decreased sharply due to the dominance of root rot pathogens.Rhizosphere fungal community structures of P.cyrtonema were influenced greatly by root-rot disease,and the proportion of dominant taxa significantly made a difference.Saitozyma podzolica and Fusarium oxysporum may be potential pathogenic fungi causing root rot.In the moderate disease plants,the relative abundance of Geminibasidium donsium,Mariannaea aquaticola

关 键 词：多花黄精 根腐病 根际土壤 高通量测序 真菌群落 

分 类 号：S606.1[农业科学—园艺学]