一种氮磷膨胀型阻燃剂的合成及对棉织物阻燃性能的影响  

Synthesis of a Nitrogen-Phosphorus Intumescent Flame Retardant and Its Effect on the Flame Retardant Properties of Cotton Fabrics

作　　者：周俞铭 李红周 ZHOU Yuming;LI Hongzhou(Engineering Research Center of Polymer Green Recycling of Ministry of Education,College of Environmental and Resources,Fuzhou 350007,China)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学环境与资源学院,聚合物资源绿色循环利用教育部工程研究中心,福建福州350007

出　　处：《纤维素科学与技术》2025年第1期8-13,I0002,共7页Journal of Cellulose Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(22478073);泉州市科技计划项目(2022C008R)。

摘　　要：阻燃剂的发展对提高纺织品的火灾安全性具有重要意义,氮磷协同作用被认为是一种有效的阻燃方法。本研究以氨基三亚甲基膦酸(ATMP)和尿素为原料,设计合成了一种N/P阻燃剂(N-ATMP),通过自组装技术,将N-ATMP与壳聚糖(CH)复合并负载于棉织物表面。结果显示,经过1%CH溶液和N-ATMP溶液处理后,织物的极限氧指数达到25.4%。在垂直燃烧试验中,样品能实现自熄灭,烧损长度仅为54 mm。与对照组相比,峰值热释放速率和总热释放量分别降低了26.4%和44.0%。对锥形量热仪燃烧残渣进行了扫描电子显微镜测试,图像显示了膨胀阻燃系统的典型特征。热重分析结果表明,样品在氮气气氛中的残留质量达到36.32%。此外,经过10次洗涤后,织物仍保持良好的阻燃性能。The development of flame retardants is of great significance to improve the fire safety of textiles,and the nitrogen and phosphorus co-action is considered as an effective flame retardant method.In this study,a N/P flame retardant(N-ATMP)was designed and synthesized using amino trimethylphosphonic acid(ATMP)and urea as raw materials.N-atmp was combined with chitosan(CH)and loaded on the surface of cotton fabric by self-assembly technology.The results revealed that the limiting oxygen index of thefabric reached 25.4% after treatment with 1 wt%CH solution and N-ATMP solution.In the vertical flame test,the sample achieved self-extinguishing,with a burn damaged length of only 54 mm.Compared with those of the Control,the peak heat release rate and total heat release were reduced by 26.4% and 44.0%,respectively.Scanning electron microscopy images of the residue after cone calorimetry revealed typical features of an expanded flame retardant system.Thermogravimetric analysis results indicated that the residual content of the sample reached 36.32% in a nitrogen atmosphere.Additionally,the fabric retained good flame retardant properties after 10 washing cycles.

关 键 词：棉织物 壳聚糖 氮磷系阻燃剂 

分 类 号：TS195.5[轻工技术与工程—纺织化学与染整工程]