基于玉米秸秆的超疏水纳米纤维素气凝胶的制备与油水分离性能研究  

Preparation and Oil-water Separation Performance Studyof Superhydrophobic Nanocellulose Aerogels Based on Corn Stover

作　　者：娄焯垚 涂园园[1,2,3,4,5,6] 李娜 孔佳利[1,2] LOU Zhuoyao;TU Yuanyuan;LI Na;KONG Jiai;无(Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510650,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;CAS Engineering Laboratory for Special Fine Chemicals,Guangzhou 510650,China;CASH GCC Shaoguan Research Institute of Advanced Materials,Shaoguan 512400,China;Guangzhou Chemistry Co.,Ltd.,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510650,China;CASH GCC(Nanxiong)Research Institute of Advanced Materials Co.,Ltd.,Shaoguan 512400,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院广州化学研究所,广东广州510650 [2]中国科学院大学,北京101408 [3]中国科学院新型特种精细化学品工程实验室,广东广州510650 [4]国科广化韶关新材料研究院,广东韶关512400 [5]中科院广州化学有限公司,广东广州510650 [6]国科广化(南雄)新材料研究院有限公司,广东韶关512400

出　　处：《纤维素科学与技术》2025年第1期39-45,I0003,共8页Journal of Cellulose Science and Technology

基　　金：清远市市科技计划项目(2022YFJH004)。

摘　　要：开发低成本、绿色高效的吸收材料在油水分离领域具有十分重要的意义。文中以农业废弃玉米秸秆为原料,通过化学―机械方法提取出纳米纤维素纤维,再采用“一锅法”将聚乙烯醇(PVA)和聚多巴胺纳米粒子(PDA)添加到玉米纤维素悬浮液中,随后对悬浮液进行冷冻干燥来制备纳米纤维素气凝胶。最后,将气凝胶浸入硬脂酸(SA)的乙醇溶液中进行超疏水改性,得到超疏水纳米纤维素气凝胶(SA/CC)。SA/CC的水接触角(WCA)达到了158.52°±2.73°。在油水分离试验中,气凝胶对不同油类吸收能力在19.5~55.3 g/g,且重复20次吸油后吸收容量的降幅在4.9%~14.3%,对多种油类和溶剂的油水分离效率也均大于96%。该环保型气凝胶在油水分离领域展现了巨大的应用潜力。The development of low-cost,green and efficient absorption materials is of great importance in the field of oil-water separation.In this paper,nanocellulose fibers were extracted from agricultural waste corn stover by chemical-mechanical methods.Polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)and polydopamine(PDA)nanoparticles were added to the corn cellulose suspension by the one-pot method,and the suspension was then freeze-dried to prepare nanocellulose aerogels.Finally,the aerogels were super-hydrophobically modified by immersing in an ethanol solution of stearic acid(SA)to obtain superhydrophobic cellulose-nanocellulose aerogels(SA/CC).The water contact angle(WCA)of the SA/CC reached 158.52°±2.73°.In the oil-water separation test,the absorption capacity of the aerogel for various oils ranged from 19.5 to 55.3 g/g,and the decrease of the absorption capacity after 20 repetitions of oil absorption ranged from 4.9%to 14.3%.The oil-water separation efficiencies of various oils and solvents were all greater than 96%.This environmentally friendly aerogel presents great potential for application in oil-water separation.

关 键 词：玉米秸秆 纳米纤维素纤维 气凝胶 超疏水 油水分离 

分 类 号：TQ427.26[化学工程] X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]