基于建筑三维形态特征的老城区风环境评估方法与应用  

Assessment Method and Application of Wind Environment in the Old Urban Area Based on Building Three-dimensional Morphology Characteristics

作　　者：顾康康 聂祖坤 GU Kangkang;NIE Zukun(School of Architecture and Planning,Anhui Jianzhu University,Hefei 230601,China;Anhui Institute of Land and Space Planning and Ecology,Hefei 230601,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽建筑大学建筑与规划学院,安徽合肥230601 [2]安徽省国土空间规划与生态研究院,安徽合肥230601

出　　处：《安徽建筑大学学报》2025年第1期1-9,共9页Journal of Anhui Jianzhu University

基　　金：安徽省自然科学基金面上项目(2008085ME160)。

摘　　要：老城区内建筑布局混乱、开敞空间缺失,致使通风环境恶化。以往只考虑单一建筑形式的通风分析方法,忽略建筑三维形态的影响。本文以合肥市老城区为研究对象,构建基于建筑三维形态参数的风环境评估方法。研究结果表明:(1)合肥市老城区内风环境质量欠佳,其中,环城河及周边质量较好,区域北部、南部及环城河内部普遍较差;(2)依据评估结果将区域划分为风环境稳定区、风环境保持区与风环境改善区,针对风环境稳定区与风环境保持区可以维持现状,针对改善区提出潜在廊道挖掘等空间形态与功能布局层面优化策略;(3)选取环城河内部区域进行优化模拟验证,PHOENICS模拟云图显示研究区平均风速从2.78 m/s上升至2.94 m/s,证明优化措施有效。VRI指数考虑建筑三维形态对气流的影响,风环境评估更精准。The chaotic building layout and lack of open spaces have caused the ventilation environment to deteriorate in the old urban area.Previous ventilation analysis methods,which only considered single building forms,ignored the impact of building three-dimensional morphology.Taking the old urban area of Hefei as the research object,this paper constructs a wind-environment assessment method based on building three-dimensional morphological parameters.The research results show that:(1)The wind environment quality in the old urban area of Hefei is poor.Specifically,that around the Ring-City River and its vicinity is relatively good,while it is generally poor in the northern and southern parts of the area and inside the Ring-City River.(2)According to the assessment results,the area is divided into a wind-environment stable area,a maintenance area,and an improvement area.The status quo is maintained for the stable and maintenance areas,and for the improvement area,optimization strategies at the spatial-form and functional-layout levels,such as potential corridor excavation,are proposed.(3)The area inside the Ring-City River is selected for optimization simulation verification.The PHOENICS simulation cloud map shows that the average wind speed in the research area has increased from 2.78 m/s to 2.94 m/s,proving the effectiveness of the optimization measures.The VRI index takes into account the impact of building three-dimensional morphology on air flow,making the wind-environment assessment more accurate.

关 键 词：城市风环境 建筑三维形态 地理信息系统 通风阻力 

分 类 号：TU98[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]