论欧盟新对外经济规制规则:特点、影响与应对  

EU's New Rules for Foreign Economic Regulation:Characteristics,Impacts,and Responses

作　　者：何仁平 张智勇[1] HE Renping;ZHANG Zhiyong(Peking University)

机构地区：[1]北京大学法学院

出　　处：《国际贸易》2025年第3期77-87,共11页Intertrade

摘　　要：欧盟根据看似合理的政策目标频频制定加强对外经济规制的内部规则,并据此对在欧盟内部市场活动的外部经济主体采取歧视性做法。欧盟对外经济规制规则以扩大规制领域、规制对象和规制效力为典型特征。欧盟对外经济规制规则将产生加强限制的法律效果,直接增加参与经济活动的企业实体的法律义务,同时赋予欧盟审查机关在规则适用方面更大的自由裁量权和更轻的证明责任。欧盟制定对外经济规制规则具有深层的逻辑和深刻的影响,对全球化经济秩序和经济交往对象都将造成重创。当今世界地缘政治局势日趋复杂,世界权力结构发生巨变,这也成为欧盟制定此类规制规则的背景成因。欧盟对外经济规制规则将严重影响中国及中国企业,因此中国有必要基于成因分析积极采取有效的应对策略。The EU has frequently enacted internal rules to strengthen foreign economic regulation based on seemingly reasonable policy objectives,and subsequently adopts discriminatory practices against external economic entities participating in the EU's internal market.The rules for foreign economic regulation by the EU are characterized by an expansion of the regulatory scope,targets,and effectiveness.These rules will result in legal effects that reinforce restrictions,directly increasing the legal obligations of enterprises engaged in economic activities,while also granting EU regulatory authorities greater discretion and lower burdens of proof in applying the rules.The EU's establishment of foreign economic regulatory rules is underpinned by profound logic and has significant repercussions,potentially causing severe damage to the global economic order and economic interactions.The current geopolitical landscape is increasingly complex,and the global power structure is undergoing dramatic changes;these factors serve as the background for the EU's formulation of such regulatory rules.The EU's foreign economic regulatory rules will have a serious impact on China and Chinese enterprises,making it imperative for China to adopt proactive and effective response strategies based on an analysis of the underlying causes.

关 键 词：对外经济规制规则 欧盟 经济全球化 对外投资 经济安全 经济规制 

分 类 号：D996.1[政治法律—经济法学]