五常市建筑物抗震能力评估分析  

Assessment on Seismic Capacity of Buildings in Wuchang City

作　　者：苟鹏婧 黄艳 张立忱 王丽梅 刘铁军 GOU Pengjing;HUANG Yan;ZHANG Lichen;WANG Limei;LIU Tiejun(Heilongjiang Earthquake Agency,Heilongjiang Harbin 150090,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省地震局,黑龙江哈尔滨150090

出　　处：《防灾减灾学报》2025年第1期65-73,89,共10页Journal of Disaster Prevention And Reduction

基　　金：黑龙江省地震局创新团队。

摘　　要：为全面评估五常市域内建筑物的抗震能力,以房屋建造年代和结构类型作为定性划分指标,对五常市域内所有房屋进行了初步分类。选择行政区域内至少30%的行政村作为抽样单元,通过分类汇总房屋数量、结构类型、建筑年龄和建筑材料,进行典型建筑结构抗震能力初步评估。依据当地地质构造及历史地震活动,在活动断层上确定了31个模拟震中,并针对每个点设定了5.5、6.0、6.5和7.0四个震级。采用本地衰减模型,计算出各震级下的地震影响场,并据此评估了不同地震烈度下建筑物的破坏程度。结果显示:在地震烈度达到Ⅵ度时,部分老旧房屋可能出现轻微破坏;烈度达到Ⅶ度时,部分老旧房屋可能遭受中度或更严重的破坏;烈度达到Ⅷ度时,部分老旧房屋有倒塌风险;而在烈度达到Ⅸ度时,老旧房屋普遍出现倒塌现象。特别指出,农村地区20世纪80—90年代建造的土木结构房屋,以及城镇地区2001年以前建造的未设防砖混和砖木结构房屋,是地震灾害的重点隐患。To achieve a refined analysis of the seismic capacity of buildings in the Wuchang area,firstly,the construction year and structure type were introduced as two qualitative classification indicators to initially classify the houses in the Wuchang area.For each township,at least 30%of the villages were selected as sampling areas,and the total number of residential buildings,the proportion of structure types,the pro⁃portion of construction ages and construction materials of each sampling area were classified and summarized.And the preliminary assessment of the seismic capacity of typical building structures was carried out.Based on local geological and tectonic characteristics and historical earthquakes,31 simulated epicenter locations were selected on active faults within Wuchang,and four earthquake magnitudes of 5.5,6.0,6.5 and 7.0 were set at each location,and the local attenuation model was used to calculate the seismic impact field at each magnitude.The damage level of buildings under each damage level were calculated based on building statistics and building damage matrix for the Wuchang area.The information on seismic intensity,houses number and structures are overlaid and calculated to count the collapse rate of houses of each structure in different affected zones and different seismic intensities.The area of collapsed houses in each affected area is calculated through the house damage matrix.The results show that at seismic intensityⅥ,some old houses may experience some minor damage;at seismic intensityⅦ,some old houses may experience moderate or more damage;at seismic intensityⅧ,some old houses may collapse;at seismic intensityⅨ,old houses generally collapse.The main seismic hazards risks are the rural civil structure houses built in the 1980s and 1990 s and the unconfined brick masonry buildings and brick-wood houses built before 2001 in the urban area.

关 键 词：建筑物破坏评估 结构特征 抗震能力 设定地震 重点风险隐患 

分 类 号：P315.9[天文地球—地震学] TU352[天文地球—固体地球物理学]