党参植物根际促生菌(PGPR)的分离筛选和特性研究  

Isolation,screening,and characteristics of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria(PGPR)of Codonopsis pilosula

作　　者：施静 陈瑞岭 李建宏 姜明 陈光丽 赵小霞 余锐 SHI Jing;CHEN Ruiling;LI Jianhong;JIANG Ming;CHEN Guangli;ZHAO Xiaoxia;YU Rui(Department of Bioengineering,Liupanshui Vocational and Technical College,Liupanshui 553000,China;Institute of Chemical Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221000,China;School of Life Science and Technology,Liupanshui Normal University,Liupanshui 553000,China)

机构地区：[1]六盘水职业技术学院生物工程系,贵州六盘水553000 [2]中国矿业大学化工学院,江苏徐州221000 [3]六盘水师范学院生命科学与技术学院,贵州六盘水553000

出　　处：《安徽农学通报》2025年第7期94-99,共6页Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：六盘水市科学技术局“山地高原特色农产品技术创新中心”(520202023018);贵州省教育厅教育规划课题“乡村振兴背景下培育高职院校学生服务三农情怀路径研究”;特色农产品科技创新团队;贵州省教育厅“技能贵州”计划项目“畜牧兽医专业群虚拟仿真实训基地”;贵州省教育厅“贵州喀斯特地区养殖粪污发酵菌资源的筛选及特性研究”(黔教科〔2024〕311号)。

摘　　要：为探索党参植物根际促生菌(PGPR)的特征特性,本研究以采集的党参根和其根际土壤为试验材料,分离筛选PGPR,对其菌株的固氮、解钾等特性进行研究;并从中挑选出菌群明显、生长较快的菌株,分析其对党参出苗率、株高和冠幅等生长指标的影响,并对其进行分类鉴定。结果表明,从党参根际分离出解钾菌8株,固氮菌7株,溶无机磷菌6株,溶有机磷菌2株,共计23株PGPR;分布主要集中在根系表面,根际次之,根内最少。特性方面,分离出生长较佳的菌株为Arp-2,Arp-3,Arp-7,Arp-16和Arp-22,Arp-2的溶有机磷能力最强,为69.23μg/mL;Arp-3溶无机磷能力最强,为329.62μg/mL;Arp-16的固氮酶活性和解钾指数最高,分别为841.77 nmol(C2H4)/(h·mL)和3.66 mg/L;5株菌株均对镰刀菌、丝核菌病原菌表现出抑制性,其中Arp-7菌株对镰刀菌抑制率最高,为90.54%。生长指标方面,以灭菌的LB培养液为对照,与对照相比,用促生菌处理后,党参的出苗率提高了4.96~17.70个百分点;株高和冠幅分别增加了2.57~9.95 cm和4.30~12.01 cm。经鉴定,5株优良菌株中,Arp-2为赛维瓦尔假单胞菌(Pseudomonas thivervalensis),Arp-3为解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens),Arp-7为枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis),Arp-16为多粘类芽孢杆菌(Paenibacillus polymyxa),Arp-22为地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillus licheniformis)。本研究为进一步分析促生菌机理和开发功能微生物资源提供参考。To explore the characteristics of rhizobacteria(PGPR)in Codonopsis pilosula,this study used the collected C.pilosula roots and their rhizosphere soil as experimental materials to isolate and screen PGPR.The strains were studied for their nitrogen fixation and potassium solubilization characteristics.Strains with obvious flora and rapid growth were selected to analyze their effects on the emergence rate,plant height,crown width,and other growth indicators of C.pilosula,and to classify and identify them.The results showed that a total of 23 PGPR strains were isolated from the rhizosphere of C.pilosula:8 potassium-solubilizing bacteria,7 nitrogen-fixing bacteria,6 inorganic phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria,and 2 organic phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria.The distribution was mainly concentrated on the root surface,followed by the rhizosphere,and the least inside the root.In terms of characteristic,the strains with better growth were selected as Arp-2,Arp-3,Arp-7,Arp-16,and Arp-22.Arp-2 had the strongest organic phosphorus solubilization ability,which was 69.23μg/mL.Arp-3 had the strongest inorganic phosphorus solubilization ability,which was 329.62μg/mL.Arp-16 had the highest nitrogenase activity and potassium solubilization index,which were 841.77 nmol(C2H4)/(h·mL)and 3.66 mg/L,respectively.All 5 strains were inhibitory to Fusarium and Rhizoctonia solani pathogens.Among them,the Arp-7 strain had the highest inhibition rate against Fusarium,which was 90.54%.In terms of growth index,compared with the control,the emergence rate of C.pilosula increased by 4.96-17.70 percentage points after treatment with PGPR;plant height and crown width increased by 2.57-9.95 cm and 4.30-12.01 cm,respectively.After identification,among the 5 excellent strains,Arp-2 was identified as Pseudomonas thivervalensis,Arp-3 was identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens,Arp-7 was identified as Bacillus subtilis,Arp-16 was identified as Paenibacillus polymyxa,and Arp-22 was identified as Bacillus licheniformis.This study provides a reference for

关 键 词：党参 植物根际促生菌 溶磷菌 固氮菌 解钾菌 

分 类 号：S567.53[农业科学—中草药栽培]